增值税转型对重庆市企业财务绩效的影响研究

发布时间：2018-10-16 10:45

【摘要】：自2009年以来我国开始实行消费型增值税，允许企业购置的固定资产进项税额进行抵扣，其目的是为了减轻企业税负，刺激企业的投资热情，促进产业结构的调整和优化。重庆市作为长江上游地区的经济中心和现代制造业基地，工业企业在经济总体中占有较大比重。增值税的转型势必会对重庆市企业产生多方面的重大影响。本文采用理论分析和实证研究相结合的方法，重点研究增值税转型对重庆市企业财务绩效产生的影响。首先，定性的分析了增值税转型对企业财务绩效产生的影响，，并在此基础上利用重庆市74家样本企业的财务数据，通过相关指标对增值税转型前后样本企业偿债能力、盈利能力、营运能力和发展能力的变化进行了分年度和分行业的统计分析。结果显示：样本企业短期偿债能力、盈利能力和发展能力在增值税转型后得到了一定程度的提升，但增值税转型并没有促进样本企业长期偿债能力和营运能力的提高。其次，构建了增值税转型效应模型，重点研究增值税转型对重庆市企业财务绩效的影响程度。结果表明：增值税转型政策对企业财务绩效具有显著的正效应，且对企业财务绩效的影响远远大于净利润、企业规模和资产中固定资产占比对企业财务绩效的影响。增值税转型后，企业规模和资产中固定资产占比与企业财务绩效具有显著的正相关关系；企业资产负债率对企业财务绩效的影响在增值税转型后逐步增强。最后，在实证研究的基础上提出增值税转型后提高企业财务绩效的建议。企业应加强内部治理、运用高新技术促进制造业转型升级以及充分利用增值税转型政策。
[Abstract]:Since 2009, China began to implement consumption-type value-added tax, allowing enterprises to purchase fixed assets tax to offset, its purpose is to reduce the tax burden on enterprises, stimulate the investment enthusiasm of enterprises, promote the adjustment and optimization of industrial structure. As the economic center of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the modern manufacturing base, the industrial enterprises occupy a large proportion in the economy as a whole. The transformation of VAT is bound to have a significant impact on Chongqing enterprises in many aspects. This paper focuses on the impact of VAT transformation on the financial performance of Chongqing enterprises by combining theoretical analysis with empirical research. First of all, the qualitative analysis of the impact of VAT transformation on the financial performance of enterprises, and on this basis, using the financial data of 74 sample enterprises in Chongqing, through the relevant indicators before and after the transformation of the sample enterprise solvency. The changes in profitability, operating capacity and development capacity are analyzed annually and by industry. The results show that the short-term solvency, profitability and development ability of the sample enterprises have been improved to a certain extent after the VAT transformation, but the VAT transformation has not promoted the long-term solvency and operational ability of the sample enterprises. Secondly, the transformation effect model of VAT is constructed, and the influence of VAT transformation on the financial performance of Chongqing enterprises is studied. The results show that the transformation policy of VAT has a significant positive effect on the financial performance of enterprises, and the impact on the financial performance of enterprises is far greater than that of net profits. The size of enterprises and the proportion of fixed assets in assets have an impact on the financial performance of enterprises. After the transformation of VAT, there is a significant positive correlation between the enterprise size and the ratio of fixed assets to enterprise financial performance, and the influence of enterprise asset-liability ratio on corporate financial performance is gradually enhanced after the VAT transformation. Finally, on the basis of empirical research, the paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the financial performance of enterprises after the transformation of VAT. Enterprises should strengthen internal governance, use high and new technology to promote the transformation and upgrade of manufacturing industry and make full use of the transformation policy of value-added tax.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F812.42;F275

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