推进农村金融体系发展的财政政策研究
发布时间：2018-11-22 15:31
【摘要】：家庭联产承包责任制实行以后,我国的农村经济得到了快速地发展，但也面临着很多严峻的问题和挑战,农村金融体系的发展不适应现阶段农村经济发展的需求就是其中之一。我国农村金融市场面对的主要服务对象是小农户以及农村中小企业，小农户的文化素质水平普遍偏低，且通常都是频繁的小型交易；中小企业在农业的投资上也普遍面临的是周期过长、资金回笼慢，农业投资的收益太低，且常常要面临巨大的风险。所以农村金融市场是很难发展起来的，，这里既有正规金融不愿意供给的原因，也有非正规金融不规范、承受不了高成本的原因，这些都或多或少地成为了我国农村金融改革路上的绊脚石，严重阻碍和制约着我国农村经济的持续健康发展。 我国农村金融体系的改革与发展，直接决定了我国能否从根本上解决“三农问题”。一般来说，正规金融供给短缺、非正规金融成本过高难以满足农村金融的需求，同时农村借款人与放贷人之间存在着严重的信息不对称问题，这些使得农村金融市场的发展出现失灵。仅靠我国现存的农村金融是不可能满足新农村建设对于资金的需求的。作为国家公共领域发展的重要资金力量,财政部门要建设农村金融体系，就要有一些有效的财政政策来应对，从而为支持我国的新农村建设、解决好“三农”问题创造良好的条件。因此，政府介入农村金融的发展是必须的。 农村金融可以说是我国金融体系中最薄弱的环节,为弥补农村金融市场机制的缺陷、解决金融机构对于涉农领域的信息不对称以及管理成本高的难题，我国已经采取了一定的财政政策措施，取得了一定的成效。当然，财政政策在支持农村金融体系建设中也存在着不足，比如财政支持资金的投入不足，资金使用分散，投资效益较低，结构较为不合理，政策工具缺乏一定的灵活性，监督力度较弱等一系列的问题，因此支持农村金融体系建设的财政政策亟需改革和创新。 在我国的转型经济发展中，农村金融机构的发展与变迁是一直都是由政府主导的，因此，在当前的宏观经济背景下，深入地分析和研究推进农村金融体系发展的财政政策将具有深远的历史意义和现实意义。
[Abstract]:After the implementation of the household contract responsibility system, the rural economy of our country has been developed rapidly, but it also faces many severe problems and challenges. The development of rural financial system is one of them. The main service objects of the rural financial market in our country are small farmers and small and medium-sized enterprises in rural areas. The level of cultural quality of small farmers is generally on the low side, and they are usually small and frequent transactions. The investment of small and medium-sized enterprises in agriculture is also generally faced with the cycle is too long, the return of funds is slow, the return of agricultural investment is too low, and often face a huge risk. Therefore, the rural financial market is very difficult to develop. There are not only the reasons why formal finance is unwilling to supply, but also the non-standard financial sector, which cannot afford the high cost. These are more or less stumbling blocks on the road of rural financial reform, which seriously hinder and restrict the sustainable and healthy development of rural economy. The reform and development of China's rural financial system directly determines whether we can fundamentally solve the "three rural issues". Generally speaking, the supply of formal finance is short, the cost of informal finance is too high to meet the demand of rural finance, and there is a serious problem of information asymmetry between rural borrowers and lenders. These make the development of rural financial market appear malfunction. It is impossible to meet the demand for capital of new rural construction by relying on the existing rural finance in our country. As an important capital force for the development of the national public domain, the financial sector must have some effective financial policies to deal with the construction of the rural financial system, in order to support the new rural construction of our country. Solve the "three rural" problems to create good conditions. Therefore, it is necessary for the government to intervene in the development of rural finance. Rural finance can be said to be the weakest link in the financial system of our country. In order to make up for the defects of rural financial market mechanism and solve the problem of information asymmetry and high management cost of financial institutions in the field of agriculture, rural finance can be said to be the weakest link in our country's financial system. Our country has already taken certain financial policy measure, obtained certain result. Of course, there are also deficiencies in the fiscal policy in supporting the construction of the rural financial system. For example, insufficient investment in financial support funds, scattered use of funds, low investment returns, unreasonable structure, and lack of flexibility in policy instruments. Therefore, the fiscal policy supporting the construction of rural financial system is in urgent need of reform and innovation. In the development of China's transition economy, the development and changes of rural financial institutions have always been led by the government, therefore, in the current macroeconomic background, It is of great historical and practical significance to deeply analyze and study the financial policy of promoting the development of rural financial system.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.35;F812.0
本文编号：2349768
[Abstract]:After the implementation of the household contract responsibility system, the rural economy of our country has been developed rapidly, but it also faces many severe problems and challenges. The development of rural financial system is one of them. The main service objects of the rural financial market in our country are small farmers and small and medium-sized enterprises in rural areas. The level of cultural quality of small farmers is generally on the low side, and they are usually small and frequent transactions. The investment of small and medium-sized enterprises in agriculture is also generally faced with the cycle is too long, the return of funds is slow, the return of agricultural investment is too low, and often face a huge risk. Therefore, the rural financial market is very difficult to develop. There are not only the reasons why formal finance is unwilling to supply, but also the non-standard financial sector, which cannot afford the high cost. These are more or less stumbling blocks on the road of rural financial reform, which seriously hinder and restrict the sustainable and healthy development of rural economy. The reform and development of China's rural financial system directly determines whether we can fundamentally solve the "three rural issues". Generally speaking, the supply of formal finance is short, the cost of informal finance is too high to meet the demand of rural finance, and there is a serious problem of information asymmetry between rural borrowers and lenders. These make the development of rural financial market appear malfunction. It is impossible to meet the demand for capital of new rural construction by relying on the existing rural finance in our country. As an important capital force for the development of the national public domain, the financial sector must have some effective financial policies to deal with the construction of the rural financial system, in order to support the new rural construction of our country. Solve the "three rural" problems to create good conditions. Therefore, it is necessary for the government to intervene in the development of rural finance. Rural finance can be said to be the weakest link in the financial system of our country. In order to make up for the defects of rural financial market mechanism and solve the problem of information asymmetry and high management cost of financial institutions in the field of agriculture, rural finance can be said to be the weakest link in our country's financial system. Our country has already taken certain financial policy measure, obtained certain result. Of course, there are also deficiencies in the fiscal policy in supporting the construction of the rural financial system. For example, insufficient investment in financial support funds, scattered use of funds, low investment returns, unreasonable structure, and lack of flexibility in policy instruments. Therefore, the fiscal policy supporting the construction of rural financial system is in urgent need of reform and innovation. In the development of China's transition economy, the development and changes of rural financial institutions have always been led by the government, therefore, in the current macroeconomic background, It is of great historical and practical significance to deeply analyze and study the financial policy of promoting the development of rural financial system.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.35;F812.0
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 王文乐;;农村金融供给短缺的现状及对策[J];企业经济;2008年10期
本文编号：2349768
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