政府补贴对企业新产品创新的影响——基于补贴强度“适度区间”的视角

发布时间：2019-03-30 09:29

【摘要】：本文采用基于倾向得分匹配的倍差法与生存分析方法系统地评估了政府补贴对企业新产品创新的微观效应。实证研究发现,只有适度的补贴才能够显著激励企业新产品创新,而高额度补贴却抑制了企业新产品创新,补贴强度的"适度区间"为[0.0009,0.0399]且呈现逐年下降的趋势;中介效应模型检验表明,"寻补贴"投资是高额度补贴抑制企业新产品创新的一个重要渠道。本文还考察了补贴的创新激励效应在不同知识产权保护程度地区的差异,发现更好的知识产权保护制度强化了补贴对企业新产品创新的促进作用。最后,本文进一步采用生存分析方法研究政府补贴对企业新产品创新持续时间的影响,发现政府补贴总体上延长了企业新产品创新的持续时间,但主要是体现在适度补贴上,而高额度补贴则倾向于缩短企业新产品创新的持续时间。本文对于补贴政策调整具有重要启示意义,近年来政府给予企业的补贴强度不断提高,而本文研究则发现补贴强度的"适度区间"趋于下降,因此政府需要动态地将补贴强度下调至适度区间内,以更大程度地发挥补贴对创新的激励作用。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the microcosmic effects of government subsidies on the innovation of new products of enterprises are systematically evaluated by using the doubling method and survival analysis method based on tendency score matching. The empirical study shows that only moderate subsidies can significantly stimulate the innovation of new products of enterprises, while the high amount of subsidies can restrain the innovation of new products of enterprises. The "moderate range" of subsidy intensity is [0.0009,0.0399], which shows a decreasing trend year by year. The test of intermediary effect model shows that the "seeking subsidy" investment is an important channel to restrain the innovation of new products. This paper also examines the differences of innovation incentive effect of subsidies in different areas of intellectual property rights protection, and finds that better intellectual property protection system strengthens the promotion of subsidies to the innovation of new products of enterprises. Finally, this paper further uses the survival analysis method to study the impact of government subsidies on the duration of new product innovation in enterprises. It is found that government subsidies generally extend the duration of new product innovation in enterprises, but they are mainly reflected in moderate subsidies. High subsidies tend to shorten the duration of new product innovation. In recent years, the intensity of subsidies given to enterprises by the government has been constantly increasing, while this study found that the "moderate range" of subsidy intensity tends to decline. Therefore, the government needs to dynamically reduce the intensity of subsidies to a moderate range in order to give greater play to the incentive effect of subsidies on innovation.
【作者单位】：南开大学经济学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年项目“贸易自由化对中国企业自主创新及出口竞争力升级的影响研究”(批准号71403135) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“贸易自由化对中国制造业企业的微观影响:基于新新贸易理论框架的经验研究”(批准号NKZXB1413)
【分类号】：F812.45;F273.1

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