关于我国基本公共服务均等化问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-11 14:40

本文关键词： 基本公共服务均等化综合评价法非均等制度政策　出处：《山西财经大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来，我国的经济取得了飞速发展，国内生产总值从1978年的0.36万亿元上升到2013年的56.88万亿元，人民群众的生活水平也显著提升。但是经济快速发展所引发的社会深层次矛盾也日渐凸显，其中迫切需要解决的是人们日益增长的对基本公共服务的需求与当前其提供水平低且非均等的矛盾。近些年来，我国政府高度重视基本公共服务均等化的推进，2013年党的十八届三中全会报告中指出：“推进社会领域制度创新，推进基本公共服务均等化，加快形成科学有效的社会治理体制。”此外，我国专家学者也对均等化的实现进行了积极的探索并且已经取得了一些进展，但是实现均等化还有些距离。因此本文希望深入研究我国基本公共服务均等化问题，并为均等化的实现建言献策。笔者主要对我国基本公共服务均等化的相关理论、意义、条件、原则、标准、现状、问题和原因进行了分析，通过充分借鉴国外经验得出了切实可行的对策。第一，笔者在大量阅读和研习已有文献资料的基础上对我国基本公共服务均等化的相关理论进行了分析、归纳和总结并对相关概念创造性的进行了科学、完整的定义。第二，运用定性分析法、文献研究法和归纳法等分析、总结了实现基本公共服务均等化的意义、条件、原则和标准。第三，要对我国基本公共服务均等化问题进行研究，必须深入了解我国基本公共服务的现状，只有从定性和定量两个角度去分析才能得出客观、准确的结论，因此，本文在大多数学者偏向于定性研究的基础上引入了定量分析，建立了较为广泛、代表性强的基本公共服务均等化水平指标体系，选用了综合评价法中的熵权——TOPISIS法对该指标体系进行评价，得出我国基本公共服务均等化的现状。第四，根据评价结果得出我基本公共服务非均等的问题，深入阐述了非均等的表现，并且创造性的把“破窗效应”引入其原因分析中，得出体制、制度、政策等是导致非均等的主要因素，并运用了制度结构法对其原因进行分析。第五，通过阅读中、外文文献，结合我国现状选取了对我国均等化的实现极具借鉴意义的瑞典和德国进行介绍，，阐述了其可取之处。第六，结合我国国情提出了促进基本公共服务均等化的对策和建议，其中涉及到某些制度的完善，如提出了实现横向和纵向转移支付制度相结合；通过实行“积分入户”制度来进行户籍改革以缓解户口制度放开造成的对大城市的冲击等。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has made rapid development, the gross domestic product (GDP) rose from 360 billion yuan in 1978 to 56.88 tillion yuan in 2013. The standard of living of the people has also improved significantly. However, the deep-seated social contradictions caused by the rapid development of the economy are also becoming increasingly prominent. Among them is the growing demand for basic public services and the current low and unequal level of delivery. In recent years, Our government attaches great importance to the promotion of equalization of basic public services. In the report of the third Plenary session of the 18 CPC Central Committee in 2013, it was pointed out: "promote institutional innovation in the social field and promote equalization of basic public services. Speed up the formation of a scientific and effective social governance system. "in addition, Chinese experts and scholars have also actively explored the realization of equalization and have made some progress. However, there is still some distance to achieve equalization. Therefore, this paper hopes to study the equalization of basic public services in China, and give some suggestions for the realization of equalization. The author analyzes the relevant theories, significance, conditions, principles, standards, current situation, problems and causes of equalization of basic public services in China. On the basis of reading and studying a large amount of literature, the author analyzes the theory of equalization of basic public services in China, summarizes and summarizes the relevant concepts creatively, and gives a scientific and complete definition. By using qualitative analysis, literature research and induction, this paper summarizes the significance, conditions, principles and standards of equalization of basic public services. Third, we should study the equalization of basic public services in China. We must deeply understand the present situation of basic public service in our country. Only from the qualitative and quantitative analysis can we draw an objective and accurate conclusion. Therefore, this paper introduces quantitative analysis on the basis of the majority of scholars' bias towards qualitative research. The index system of equalization level of basic public service is established, and the entropy weight of the comprehensive evaluation method is selected to evaluate the index system. The present situation of equalization of basic public service in China is obtained. 4th. According to the evaluation results, I draw the question of the inequality of basic public service, elaborate the performance of inequality in depth, and creatively introduce the "broken window effect" into its cause analysis, and get the system and system. Policy is the main factor leading to inequality, and the institutional structure method is used to analyze the causes. 5th, through reading, foreign literature, Combined with the present situation of our country, Sweden and Germany, which are of great significance for reference to the realization of equalization in China, are selected to introduce it, and its merits are expounded. 6th, and the countermeasures and suggestions to promote equalization of basic public services are put forward in the light of the national conditions of our country. It involves the perfection of some systems, such as realizing the combination of horizontal and vertical transfer payment system, carrying out the household registration reform through implementing the "integral entry" system to alleviate the impact on the big cities caused by the opening of the household registration system, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630

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