兰州市社区公共危机管理体系构建

发布时间：2018-02-21 20:26

本文关键词： 社区危机管理体系危机管理委员会工作流程　出处：《甘肃农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：进入21世纪以来,世界各国都在遭受着自然和人为的各种危机,使得社会公共危机处理成为各国政府社会治理的核心议题。我国是世界上自然灾害严重的国家之一,以及随着经济的迅猛发展,我国目前正处在一个突发事件频发、公共安全事件不断升级的风险社会中,各种危机事件的频发,造成了严重的人员伤亡和财产损失,我国在国家层面建立国家安全委员会,在不同文件中提出了社区参与危机事件管理的必要性。城市社区作为城市公共危机管理的基层单位,是整个公共危机管理体系的末梢执行主体。同时,社区作为各种危机的直接面对者和承受者,具有贴近基层民众、应对危机迅速灵活等特点。在社区形成社区公共危机管理体系,加强社区应对危机的能力,使整个公共危机管理体系运行更加合理有效,对减少社会公众在危机中的生命财产损失有着极为重要的作用。通过前期阅读大量的相关文献资料,发现针对社区公共危机管理方面的研究较少,希望通过对于兰州市社区公共危机管理进行研究,为危机管理理论在社区公共危机管理的应用和发展提供参考。文章以兰州市社区公共危机管理体系为研究对象,运用调查研究的方法,进入兰州市的5个社区,对社区居委会主任、治安综合专干、缉毒专干、社区中5 6户进行深度访谈,通过对于访谈收集到的资料进行整理研究,最后得出结论。尽管目前兰州市社区在应对危机方面取得了一定的工作成效,包括“全国综合减灾示范社区”全面推广,社区作为危机管理主体制定了简单的工作流程和设置了专职岗位,进行宣传和演练等。但仍然存在着包括社区工作人员的专业程度不足,社区危机应对预案过于原则化,对于社区风险评估缺乏专业性,宣传与演练形式高于实效,社区危机管理工作缺乏连续性,社区危机管理中社会力量参与不足等问题。针对问题,从政府和社区两方面进行原因分析,提出通过构建兰州市社区公共危机管理体系,解决相关问题的建议。建议首先要转变政府职能,向社区充分赋权,进而构建兰州市社区公共危机管理体系,成立社区危机管理委员会,根据罗伯特·希斯危机管理的4R模式制定社区在危机管理不同阶段的工作流程,明确社区在危机管理不同阶段要完成的工作和完成工作的人员,确保社区有序高效地进行危机管理。
[Abstract]:Since 21th century, all countries in the world are suffering from various natural and man-made crises, which make the management of social public crisis become the core issue of the social governance of the governments. China is one of the countries with serious natural disasters in the world. And with the rapid development of the economy, our country is now in a risky society where emergencies occur frequently and public safety incidents are constantly escalating. The frequent occurrence of various crisis events has caused serious casualties and property losses. China has set up a national security committee at the national level, and put forward the necessity of community participation in crisis management in different documents. Urban community is the grass-roots unit of urban public crisis management. It is the executive body of the whole public crisis management system. At the same time, the community, as the direct face and the bearer of all kinds of crises, is close to the grassroots people. Forming the community public crisis management system in the community, strengthening the community's ability to deal with the crisis, making the whole public crisis management system more reasonable and effective. It plays an extremely important role in reducing the loss of life and property of the public in the crisis. Through reading a large number of related documents, we find that there are few researches on the community public crisis management. The author hopes to provide reference for the application and development of the crisis management theory in the community public crisis management in Lanzhou City, and take the community public crisis management system of Lanzhou City as the research object. By using the method of investigation and research, we entered five communities in Lanzhou City and conducted in-depth interviews with the directors of the community neighborhood committees, the comprehensive public security officers, the anti-narcotics specialists, and the five or six households in the community, and through the collation and study of the data collected from the interviews. Finally, we come to the conclusion. Although at present the Lanzhou community has made some achievements in responding to the crisis, including the comprehensive promotion of the "National Integrated disaster reduction demonstration Community", As the main body of crisis management, the community has made a simple work flow and set up full-time posts, propaganda and drills, etc. However, there are still some problems, including the lack of professional level of community staff, and the principle of community crisis response plan. For the lack of professionalism in community risk assessment, the lack of continuity in community crisis management, the lack of participation of social forces in community crisis management, etc., the forms of propaganda and exercise are higher than actual results. Based on the analysis of the reasons of the government and the community, this paper puts forward some suggestions on how to solve the related problems by constructing the community public crisis management system in Lanzhou. It is suggested that the first step should be to transform the functions of the government and to empower the community fully. And then we set up a community public crisis management system in Lanzhou, and set up a community crisis management committee, and based on the 4R model of Robert Heath crisis management, we worked out community processes at different stages of crisis management. In order to ensure the community to carry out crisis management in an orderly and efficient manner, the work to be accomplished and the personnel to be completed in different stages of crisis management in the community are clearly defined.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D669.3;D63

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