我国城乡基本公共服务均等化的路径选择研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 17:26

本文关键词： 城乡基本公共服务均等化路径选择　出处：《湘潭大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国经济水平迅猛增长,虽然经济的快速发展显著提高了居民原有生活水平,但是却产生诸多社会问题。在我国,农民阶级的社会地位低下,因此并没有充分享受到社会发展所带来的成果,而片面追求经济发展,忽视社会公平,重效率,轻民生,导致城乡基本公共服务差距加大。这些差距不仅体现在城乡人民的收入及经济发展水平上,更体现在城乡基本教育、社会保障和公共医疗卫生上。社会调查研究反映出我国农村生活质量普遍低于城市生活水平,农村医疗没有保障,教育水平低下,文化技能偏低,娱乐方式单调等一于阻碍了城乡经济的发展和一体化进程。城乡公共服务均等化是统筹城乡发展和建设和谐社会的重要因素,因此,改善民生并缩小我国城乡基本公共服务的差距迫在眉睫。2005年,中共十六届五中全会首次正式地将“公共服务均等化”问题以书面形式提出来。2006年3月通过的国家十一五规划纲要进一步提出了一个新命题“基本公共服务均等化”,为我国的基本公共服务指明了方向。在此背景下,为加快统筹城乡发展以及推动和谐社会建设,于公共服务均等化具有很重要的理论意义与实践价值。本文通过官方统计资料、文献分析以及实际考查,对基本公共服务均等化的意义和内涵进行探讨,对目前我国城乡基本公共服务的现状和原因进行分析,从我国城乡基础教育非均等化、我国城乡基础设施非均等化、我国城乡社会保障非均等化、我国城乡医疗卫生非均等化四个方面来分析我国城乡基本公共服务的存在的问题,认为当前我国的城乡二元经济结构以及我国现有的财政制度是造成我国城乡基本公共服务水平差距过大的主要原因,进而通过借鉴和学习国外基本公共服务均等化的经验,结合本国实际国情,提出我国城乡基本公共服务均等化的方法和对策:推进改革,改变城乡二元结构;深化我国公共财政体制改革;努力建立公平合理的城乡公共服务体制。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the economic level of our country has grown rapidly. Although the rapid development of the economy has significantly improved the original living standards of the residents, it has produced many social problems. In our country, the social status of the peasant class is low. Therefore, it does not fully enjoy the fruits of social development, but pursues economic development one-sidedly, neglecting social equity, emphasizing efficiency, and neglecting people's livelihood. The gap between urban and rural basic public services has increased. These gaps are reflected not only in the income and economic development level of urban and rural people, but also in basic education in urban and rural areas. Social security and public health. Social investigation shows that the quality of life in rural areas is generally lower than that in urban areas, medical care in rural areas is not guaranteed, education is low, and cultural skills are on the low side. The monotony of entertainment means hinders the development and integration of urban and rural economy. The equalization of urban and rural public services is an important factor in coordinating urban and rural development and building a harmonious society. It is urgent to improve people's livelihood and narrow the gap between urban and rural basic public services. 2005, The Fifth Plenary session of the 16 CPC Central Committee formally put forward the issue of "equalization of public services" in writing for the first time. The outline of the 11th Five-Year Plan adopted on March 2006 further put forward a new proposition, "Equalization of basic Public Service" In this context, it points out the direction of the basic public service in our country. In order to accelerate the development of urban and rural areas and promote the construction of a harmonious society, it is of great theoretical significance and practical value to equalize public services. This paper probes into the significance and connotation of equalization of basic public services, analyzes the present situation and causes of basic public services in urban and rural areas in China, analyzes the non-equalization of basic education in urban and rural areas and the non-equalization of infrastructure in urban and rural areas in China. This paper analyzes the existing problems of basic public services in urban and rural areas from four aspects of non-equalization of social security in urban and rural areas and non-equalization of medical and health services in urban and rural areas in China. It is considered that the current dual economic structure between urban and rural areas and the existing financial system are the main reasons for the excessive gap in the level of basic public services between urban and rural areas in China, and then learn from and learn from the experience of equalization of basic public services in foreign countries. Combined with the actual situation of our country, this paper puts forward the methods and countermeasures of equalization of basic public services between urban and rural areas: promoting reform, changing the dual structure of urban and rural areas, deepening the reform of China's public finance system, and striving to establish a fair and reasonable urban-rural public service system.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630

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