三峡库区政府环境管制问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 22:30

本文选题：三峡库区　切入点：环境管制　出处：《重庆大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：三峡库区是一个因兴建三峡工程而逐渐形成的人类活动频繁、生态环境敏感的特殊地理区域。随着政府政策支持和西部大开发战略的实施,三峡库区社会经济发展明显加快,但经济增长的同时,各种环境问题也日益显著,主要包括水土流失严重,森林植被受到破坏;生态环境退化现象普遍,承载能力不足;环境遭受巨大污染;生物多样性面临威胁;地质灾害和自然灾害多发,加上三峡工程尚未竣工,无法预测工程后续运行情况和带给库区的潜在环境污染,如何在保护三峡库区生态环境的同时,稳定发展库区的经济是社会各界广泛关注的问题,而实现三峡库区环境和经济协调发展的主体就是政府,只有通过政府对三峡库区的环境管制,有效治理库区环境污染,调动库区全民环境保护意识,从根本上优化库区社会资源和环境资源的配置,才能真正落实三峡库区的可持续发展。在对国内外政府环境管制相关研究进行综述的基础上,本文采取文献分析法、理论分析与实证分析相结合、比较分析相结合的研究方法,首先对政府环境管制的概念和外部性、公共物品、政府失灵三种理论支持进行了阐述;其次深入分析了三峡库区的环境污染状况和三峡工程对库区环境的影响,发现目前库区水污染、生活垃圾污染、农业污染严峻,三峡工程建设存在的疑点可能给库区带来新的环境问题;紧接着概括出我国政府对三峡库区环境管制中存在的诸多缺陷,以及造成各种缺陷的原因;再次,针对三峡库区政府环境管制问题,结合国外政府先进的环境管制经验,总结出我国政府还需要重视丰富管制手段和引进市场机制;最后,综合前述研究,提出了三峡库区政府环境管制的针对性策略,并建议重视调动公众参与的积极性,通过公众参与的力量协助政府对三峡库区进行管制,从而提升政府对三峡库区环境管制效果。本文以三峡库区这一地理条件复杂的生态脆弱区作为研究对象,尝试性地对三峡库区政府环境管制进行研究,为成功解决三峡库区环境污染、政府环境管制缺陷问题,促进政府又好又快地对库区实施环境管制提供新思路,也为有关决策部门制定相关政策提供参考和借鉴。
[Abstract]:The three Gorges Reservoir area is a special geographical area with frequent human activities and sensitive ecological environment due to the construction of the three Gorges Project.With the support of government policies and the implementation of the strategy of developing the western region, the social and economic development of the three Gorges Reservoir area is obviously accelerated, but at the same time the economic growth, various environmental problems are becoming increasingly prominent, including serious soil erosion, forest vegetation damage;The degradation of the ecological environment is widespread and the carrying capacity is insufficient; the environment is greatly polluted; biodiversity is threatened; geological disasters and natural disasters are frequent; and the three Gorges Project has not yet been completed.It is impossible to predict the future operation of the project and the potential environmental pollution brought to the reservoir area. How to protect the ecological environment of the three Gorges Reservoir area, and how to develop the economy of the reservoir area stably at the same time is a problem widely concerned by the society.The main body of the coordinated development of the environment and economy in the three Gorges Reservoir area is the government. Only through the government's environmental control over the three Gorges Reservoir area can the environmental pollution of the three Gorges Reservoir area be effectively controlled and the whole people's environmental protection consciousness be aroused.Only by fundamentally optimizing the allocation of social and environmental resources in the reservoir area can the sustainable development of the three Gorges Reservoir area be truly implemented.On the basis of summarizing the related research of government environmental regulation at home and abroad, this paper adopts the methods of literature analysis, theoretical analysis and empirical analysis, and comparative analysis. Firstly, the concept and externality of government environmental regulation are discussed.Public goods and government failure are expounded. Secondly, the environmental pollution situation of the three Gorges Reservoir area and the impact of the three Gorges Project on the environment of the reservoir area are deeply analyzed, and it is found that the water pollution, the domestic waste pollution and the agricultural pollution in the reservoir area are serious at present.The existing doubts in the construction of the three Gorges Project may bring new environmental problems to the reservoir area. Then, it summarizes the many defects existing in the environmental control of the three Gorges Reservoir area by our government and the causes of the defects. Thirdly,In view of the problem of government environmental control in the three Gorges Reservoir area and the advanced environmental control experience of foreign governments, it is concluded that our government still needs to attach importance to enriching the means of control and introducing market mechanisms.This paper puts forward the targeted strategy of government environmental control in the three Gorges Reservoir area, and suggests that the enthusiasm of the public participation should be aroused and the government should be assisted to regulate the three Gorges Reservoir area through the power of public participation, so as to enhance the effect of the government environmental control on the three Gorges Reservoir area.This paper takes the three Gorges Reservoir area, a fragile ecological region with complicated geographical conditions, as the research object, and tries to study the government environmental control in the three Gorges Reservoir area. In order to solve the environmental pollution problem of the three Gorges Reservoir area successfully, the defect of the government environmental control system is solved.To promote the government to implement environmental control in the reservoir area well and quickly, and also to provide reference and reference for relevant policy-making departments to formulate relevant policies.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X321;D630

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