土地征收中的利益均衡研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 00:35

本文选题：土地征收 + 利益　；参考：《浙江大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：土地征收中产生的利益分配失衡是引发当代中国社会矛盾的最主要因素之一。减少此类社会矛盾的根本在于遵循从利益失衡到利益均衡的逻辑,重构基于利益均衡的土地征收制度和机制。在静态意义上,通过完善健全的制度来规范地方政府和失地农民这两个主体的利益行为,并保障其利益所得。在动态意义上,通过创新土地征收机制,促使各利益主体平等地参与到土地征收过程中,从而实现利益在不同主体间的均衡分配。地方政府是土地征收中一个最重要的主体。其作为土地征收的唯一实施主体,同时也是土地一级市场的垄断供应者,决定了土地征收行为并不是一种市场行为,更多地是一种行政强制行为。作为土地征收的关键主体,地方政府的土地征收行为决定和塑造了城镇化进程中的地方治理质量。地方政府在土地征收过程中的行为方式和结果,主要源于与土地征收相关的一系列法律制度和政策规定。近年来,随着由征地引发的矛盾增多和日益上升的社会成本,以及国家层面对征地制度的修改完善,地方政府在征地过程中开始让渡部分经济利益,更加重视社会效益与经济效益的平衡,成为土地征收制度变迁的重要动力。被征地农民是土地征收中另一个最重要的主体。当前以货币安置为主要形式的被征地农民保障安置,存在补偿水平整体偏低、保障制度单一、安置方式碎片化等问题。建立健全对被征地农民的多元保障制度是促使土地增值收益分配趋于均衡的核心之一。为此,需要健全被征地农民诉求表达机制,让被征地农民有渠道理性地表达利益诉求,并依法保障被征地农民合法权益;需要促进被征地农民市民化,并加强公共就业创业服务和职业技能培训,推进被征地农民人力资源开发;需要建立城乡统一的建设用地市场、提供城乡统一的基本公共服务、完善城乡统一的社会保障体系,真正达到城乡一体化发展。利益均衡并非指分配结果意义上的利益平均分配,而是要从制度和机制上来保障利益分配的均衡。创新土地征收方式,兼顾各方利益诉求,达致利益均衡格局,是顺利推进土地征收的关键。同时,各方利益主体的参与程度和参与方式,以及谈判机制是否健全,既决定了土地征收方式创新的成功与否,又决定了现实中的土地征收能否平稳顺利进行。
[Abstract]:The imbalance of distribution of interests produced in the land expropriation is one of the most important factors that lead to the social contradictions in contemporary China. The fundamental reason for reducing such social contradictions is to follow the logic of the balance of interests from the interests to the balance of interests and reconstruct the system and mechanism of Land Expropriation Based on the balance of interests. The interest behavior of the two main bodies of the government and the landless peasants and the benefit of the land are guaranteed. In the dynamic sense, through the innovation of the land expropriation mechanism, the stakeholders will participate in the process of land expropriation equally and realize the balanced distribution of interests among different subjects. The government is the most important subject in the land expropriation. As the only subject of land expropriation, it is also a monopoly supplier of the first level land market, which determines that land expropriation is not a market behavior, and is more a kind of administrative coercion. As the key subject of land expropriation, local government's land expropriation behavior determines and shapes local governance in the process of urbanization. The way and results of local government's behavior in the process of land expropriation are mainly due to a series of legal systems and policies related to land expropriation. In recent years, the local government is in the process of land expropriation with the increase of contradictions and increasing social costs caused by land expropriation, and the improvement of the system of land expropriation in the national level. It has begun to transfer some economic benefits and pay more attention to the balance of social and economic benefits. It has become an important motive force for the change of land expropriation system. The land expropriated farmers are another most important subject in the land expropriation. It is one of the key points to establish and improve the multi security system of land expropriated farmers, which is one of the core factors to promote the distribution of land value added income distribution. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the demand expression mechanism of the land expropriated farmers, let the land expropriated farmers have the rational expression of the interest demands, and protect the legality of the land expropriated farmers according to law. It needs to promote the citizenization of the land expropriated farmers, strengthen the public employment service and vocational skills training, and promote the development of the human resources for the land expropriated farmers. It is necessary to establish a unified construction land market in urban and rural areas, provide the basic public services of the unified urban and rural areas, perfect the unified social security system in urban and rural areas, and truly achieve the integration of urban and rural development. The balance of interests does not mean the average distribution of benefits in the sense of distribution, but the balance of the distribution of interests from the system and mechanism. It is the key to the smooth promotion of the land expropriation, and the key to the smooth promotion of the land expropriation. Whether the negotiation mechanism is sound determines the success of the land expropriation mode, and determines whether the land expropriation can be carried out smoothly or not.

【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D630;F321.1

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