基于HTN的应急物资调运任务规划系统关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 11:51

本文选题：层次任务网络 + 应急物资调运　；参考：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着国内外各类突发事件的频繁发生,应急响应决策越来越受到各国政府和研究机构的广泛重视。应急物资调运因其关乎应急救援工作的顺利进行和灾区人民的生命安全保障,是突发事件应急响应决策过程中的必须加以考虑的重要环节。由于突发事件应急物资调运问题的突发性、时间紧迫性非常规性、复杂性和不确定性,传统的数学建模和优化方法难以满足其决策要求。层次任务网络(Hierarchical Task Network,HTN)规划是一种被广泛应用的智能规划方法,按照任务递归分解的方式进行规划推理,能够有效利用应急领域知识和应急态势信息快速生成合理的规划方案,对突发事件应急物资调运任务规划有很强的适用性。本文首先在研究HTN规划方法的基础上,结合应急物资调运问题的特点,设计了根据应急态势信息的结构化存储并自动生成HTN规划器规划问题文件的方法。针对应急领域知识难以结构化表达的问题,设计了规范化描述和储存应急领域知识的编码方法,并研究了将其转换成规划领域知识并生成HTN规划领域知识文件的方法。基于此,实现了HTN规划器动态编译加载规划问题文件与规划领域知识文件,自动规划生成应急物资调运方案。第二,针对应急物资调运问题中的应急路网状态的不确定性,设计了对这种不确定性的数学表示方法,并提出了一种基于行驶时间与完成概率的不确定条件下应急路径的选择方法,来改进应急物资调运任务规划。同时,针对应急响应过程中由于应急态势的动态变化使得方案执行过程发生异常的情况,设计了面向HTN规划器的基于执行监测的自动调整规划方案方法。第三,设计并实现了应急物资调运任务规划系统,并与清华大学开发的城市区域紧急疏散仿真系统完成了集成。本文围绕应急物资调运任务规划的具体特征和HTN规划的优势与不足,展开对基于HTN的物资调运任务规划系统的研究。其根本目的在于利用HTN规划方法实现了计算机自动根据应急态势信息与应急领域知识规划生成科学合理的应急行动方案,是HTN规划方法实际运用的新尝试,为解决急物资调运任务规划问题提供了新思路,提高了HTN规划方法在应急领域的适用性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the frequent occurrence of all kinds of emergencies at home and abroad, emergency response decision-making has been paid more and more attention by governments and research institutions. The dispatch of emergency materials is an important link in the decision-making process of emergency response because it is related to the smooth progress of emergency rescue work and the safety and security of the people in the disaster area. Because of the sudden and unconventional time urgency, complexity and uncertainty, the traditional mathematical modeling and optimization methods are difficult to meet the decision requirements. Hierarchical Task Network (HTN) planning is a widely used intelligent planning method. It can make use of emergency domain knowledge and emergency situation information to quickly generate rational planning scheme. It has strong applicability for emergency material transfer and transportation task planning. Based on the study of the HTN planning method and the characteristics of the emergency material transfer problem, this paper designs a method of storing the emergency situation information and automatically generating the planning problem file of the HTN planner. In order to solve the problem that emergency domain knowledge is difficult to express structurally, a coding method for describing and storing emergency domain knowledge is designed, and the method of converting it into planning domain knowledge and generating HTN domain knowledge file is studied. Based on this, the HTN planner dynamically compiles and loads the planning problem file and the planning domain knowledge file, and generates the emergency material dispatching scheme automatically. Secondly, aiming at the uncertainty of the emergency road network in the emergency material transportation problem, the mathematical expression method of this uncertainty is designed. An emergency path selection method based on the uncertainty of travel time and completion probability is proposed to improve the task planning of emergency material dispatching. At the same time, in order to solve the problem that the dynamic change of emergency situation makes the program execution abnormal, an automatic adjusting planning method based on execution monitoring for HTN planner is designed. Thirdly, the task planning system of emergency material dispatching is designed and implemented, and the system is integrated with the emergency evacuation simulation system developed by Tsinghua University. This paper focuses on the specific characteristics of emergency material dispatch task planning and the advantages and disadvantages of HTN planning. The research on the material dispatch task planning system based on HTN is carried out in this paper. Its fundamental purpose is to make use of HTN planning method to automatically generate scientific and reasonable emergency action plan according to emergency situation information and knowledge planning in emergency field. It is a new attempt of practical application of HTN planning method. It provides a new way to solve the problem of the task planning of urgent material transfer and transportation, and improves the applicability of HTN planning method in the emergency field.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D035;U116

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