沈阳城市应急避难场所的识别、空间格局与服务功能

发布时间：2018-06-02 13:40

本文选题：城市安全 + 应急避难场所　；参考：《地域研究与开发》2017年05期

【摘要】：以沈阳市为例,运用高分辨率遥感影像识别城市应急避难场所,采用空间插值、波段集统计等方法刻画应急避难场所空间分布及其与人口的空间匹配性,通过栅格成本分析和加权Voronoi图等方法测算空间可达性并划分其服务区范围。研究表明:(1)沈阳市应急避难场所分布呈现出"小集聚、大分散"的基本格局,与人口分布的空间匹配性差;(2)应急避难场所可达性表现出空间异质性,大型用地对整体格局起到主要塑造作用;(3)研究区域可划分为14个较为明确的应急避难场所服务区,不同服务范围在空间上存在大小、数量和构成上的差异。最后,从城市安全视角对沈阳市应急避难场所的空间布局提出优化建议,为政府部门决策提供科学依据与政策参考。
[Abstract]:Taking Shenyang as an example, high resolution remote sensing images are used to identify urban emergency shelters, and spatial interpolation and band set statistics are used to describe the spatial distribution of emergency shelters and their spatial matching with population. Spatial accessibility is measured by grid cost analysis and weighted Voronoi diagram, and its service area is divided. The study shows that the distribution of emergency shelters in Shenyang presents a basic pattern of "small agglomeration, large dispersion", and the spatial matching with population distribution is poor. 2) the accessibility of emergency shelters shows spatial heterogeneity. Large-scale land use plays a major role in shaping the overall pattern. (3) the research area can be divided into 14 distinct emergency shelter service areas, and there are differences in the size, quantity and composition of different service areas in space. Finally, from the perspective of urban safety, the paper puts forward some suggestions on the spatial layout of emergency shelter in Shenyang, which provides scientific basis and policy reference for government decision-making.
【作者单位】：北京大学城市与环境学院;东北大学江河建筑学院;东北师范大学地理科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41471141)
【分类号】：D63

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