家庭公共服务的西方经验及其启示

发布时间：2018-06-06 15:18

本文选题：家庭公共服务 + 路径演进　；参考：《长白学刊》2017年06期

【摘要】：追溯西方国家家庭公共服务的历史得知,家庭公共服务起源于宗教互助,随着工业化的发展而逐步地制度化,经历了1970-1980年代的民营化冲击,进入21世纪之后,西方国家家庭公共服务的服务策略出现了民营化和企业化的新特点和新趋向。西方国家家庭公共服务大致可以区分为三种类型:自由主义类型、保守组合主义类型、民主社会主义类型。现阶段,我国家庭少子化与老龄化并存,离婚率持续上升,单亲家庭、同居及未婚生育激增。相对于西方国家来说,我国家庭类型和家庭规模的变化趋势并不具有特殊性;但是,流动人口家庭、留守家庭和空巢家庭相对于西方国家来说,又确实具有某种程度上的阶段性和特殊性。因此,对于西方国家家庭公共服务的演进路径和类型,我们必须结合我们的国情,辩证地分析,既要注重启示,又不能盲从。
[Abstract]:Tracing back to the history of family public service in western countries, it was found that the family public service originated from mutual religious assistance and was gradually institutionalized with the development of industrialization. After going through the impact of privatization in 1970-1980 's, the family public service entered the 21st century. The service strategy of family public service in western countries has appeared new characteristics and new tendency of privatization and enterprise. Family public service in western countries can be divided into three types: liberalism type, conservative composition type, democratic socialism type. At present, the minority children and aging coexist, the divorce rate continues to rise, single parent families, cohabitation and unmarried fertility surge. Compared with western countries, the change trend of family type and family size in China has no particularity; however, floating population families, left-behind families and empty nest families are relatively different from those in western countries. And it does have a certain degree of stage and particularity. Therefore, for the evolution path and type of family public service in western countries, we must combine our national conditions and analyze dialectically, we should not only pay attention to enlightenment, but also can not follow blindly.
【作者单位】：中国人口与发展研究中心;
【分类号】：D035

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