地方政府权力清单制度优化研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 11:00

本文选题：地方政府 + 权力清单制度　；参考：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：地方政府权力清单制度是以地方政府权力清单为核心的,关于政府权力及权力运行的一套制度体系,虽然在我国尚处于探索发展阶段,但却凸显了独特的制度优势,不仅对限制政府权力,遏制权力腐败,建设法治政府有重要的现实意义,而且对推进政府行政体制改革,激发市场活力也影响深刻。但是,地方政府权力清单制度也面临着诸多现实问题:在基本内容的设置上,地方政府权力清单制度存在地区性差异较大,缺乏相对明确统一标准的问题;在法律依据的设定上,地方政府权力清单制度的法律依据存在新旧法依据不一,法律位阶不清甚至与法律法规规定不一的问题;在配套机制建设上,缺乏统一标准,责任清单不完善,配套监督机制不健全,尚未形成动态的职权调整和长效管理机制;此外,部分地方政府的权力清单内容存在过于简单、笼统的问题,不仅难以起到界定和规范政府用权的作用,给行政相对人也造成了不便。地方政府权力清单制度之所以存在上述问题,主要原因有:一是地方政府政务的相对独立性,导致地方政府在职能部门设置及职权划分上存在较大差异,而且地方政府权力清单制度的建立及实施均需要一定时间,这导致权力清单制度的发展呈现了较大地区性差异。二是我国的法律体系呈现复杂性特征,不仅体系庞大,甚至有些法律法规存在矛盾冲突或漏洞,有待健全。三是地方政府权力清单制度缺乏系统的顶层设计,责任清单、负面清单建设尚处于探索阶段,权力监督制约机制也不完善。四是某些地方政府对其权力清单编制机构设置缺乏应有重视,缺乏广泛的民主科学参与机制。要解决地方政府权力清单制度面临的现实问题,必须在深入剖析问题原因的基础上对症下药:坚持法治标准,严格依法设置地方政府权力清单;优化顶层设计,完善地方政府权力清单制度配套制度;完善参与机制,科学合理设置地方政府权力清单编制主体。
[Abstract]:The power list system of local government is based on the list of powers of local government. Although the system of government power and its operation is still in the stage of exploration and development in our country, it highlights its unique institutional advantages. It is not only of practical significance to limit government power, curb power corruption and build a government ruled by law, but also has a profound impact on promoting the reform of government administration system and arousing market vitality. However, the local government power list system also faces many practical problems: in the basic content, the local government power list system has regional differences, lack of relatively clear and unified standards; In terms of the legal basis, the legal basis of the list of powers of the local government is different from the old one, the rank of the law is not clear and even that of the laws and regulations, and there is a lack of uniform standards in the construction of the supporting mechanism. The list of responsibilities is not perfect, the supporting supervision mechanism is not perfect, and a dynamic power adjustment and long-term management mechanism has not yet been formed. In addition, some local governments have too simple and general issues in the contents of the list of powers. It is not only difficult to define and standardize government power, but also inconvenience to administrative counterpart. The main reasons for the existence of the above problems are as follows: first, the relative independence of the local government administration leads to great differences in the establishment and division of the functions and powers of the local government. Moreover, the establishment and implementation of the power list system of local government takes a certain time, which leads to a great regional difference in the development of the power list system. Second, the legal system of our country is characterized by complexity, not only the system is huge, but also some laws and regulations have contradictions or loopholes, which need to be perfected. Thirdly, the local government power list system lacks the top-level design of the system, the construction of responsibility list and negative list is still in the exploratory stage, and the mechanism of power supervision and restriction is not perfect. Fourth, some local governments lack due attention to the establishment of their power list organization, and lack of extensive democratic scientific participation mechanism. In order to solve the practical problems faced by the local government power list system, we must, on the basis of in-depth analysis of the causes of the problems, give the right remedy to the case: adhere to the rule of law standard, strictly set up the local government power list in accordance with the law, and optimize the top-level design. Perfect the supporting system of the local government power list system, perfect the participation mechanism, set up the main body of the local government power list scientifically and rationally.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D630

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