地方政府应急减灾管理机制研究

发布时间：2018-07-02 11:16

本文选题：地方政府 + 减灾　；参考：《华东政法大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文将主要通过对我国地方政府应急管理现状问题的分析和对先进经验的借鉴来为今后我国地方政府应急减灾管理机制的发展方向提供对策。本文首先阐述了所研究的地方政府应急减灾管理机制这一课题的选题意义和背景,之后对目前国内外的相关课题研究的文献进行总结和汇总,同时从研究方法和内容上分析当前研究欠缺的地方,从而确定本文的研究思路、方法以及整体框架。随后将对文中涉及的危机、应急管理、突发事件、地方政府等相关概念及其内涵进行界定。之后本文主要介绍我国地方政府应急管理相关机制和制度体系的现状,着重对无锡太湖水污染事件这一案例来进行分析指出目前地方政府应急减灾管理中存在的各类问题。本文认为目前主要存在的问题包括我国目前地方政府在应急减灾管理上存在的各自为政的问题,现在各有关部门之间往往权责不够明确,尤其在平时组织宣传、组建队伍等方面往往都各自为政,各自牵头开展工作,既导致效率不够高,也导致资源浪费;发生突发事件后地方政府各有关部门之间组织协调困难的问题。一旦发生突发事件,平时的各自为政的状态将导致组织协调困难的问题。因为突发事件应急处理往往牵涉到多个部门,各部门的负责范围、负责时限、具体工作等如何协调安排是一个重要问题;各部门之间应急资源难以整合的问题。在发生突发事件后各类救援队伍、救援物资等都是十分重要的应急减灾资源,目前仍存在应急减灾资源分配不科学、保障难落实的情况,严重影响应急减灾工作的顺利开展等。之后再从组织体系和法律体系两方面介绍了美国、日本、俄罗斯这三个发达国家的应急管理工作的先进经验,最后探索性的提出相关的解决问题的措施,包括完善法制建设、优化应急减灾工作结构、健全应急资源保障体系、编写完善应急管理预案和加强社会参与工作等,力争通过这些对策来进一步加强我国地方政府的应急管理工作。
[Abstract]:Through the analysis of the current situation of local government emergency management and the reference of advanced experience, this paper will provide countermeasures for the future development direction of local government emergency and disaster reduction management mechanism in China. This paper first describes the significance and background of the research on the management mechanism of local government emergency disaster reduction, and then summarizes and summarizes the literature on the related topics at home and abroad. At the same time, the research methods and contents are analyzed to determine the research ideas, methods and the overall framework. Then the related concepts and connotations of crisis, emergency management, emergency, local government and so on will be defined. Then this paper mainly introduces the current situation of emergency management mechanism and system of local government in our country, focusing on the case of Taihu Lake water pollution in Wuxi to point out all kinds of problems existing in the management of local government emergency disaster reduction at present. This paper holds that the main problems at present include the existing problems of the local governments in our country in the management of emergency and disaster reduction. Now, the powers and responsibilities of the relevant departments are often not clear enough, especially in the peacetime organization of propaganda. The formation of teams and other aspects are often done in their own way, each leading to work, not only lead to inefficient, but also lead to waste of resources; after emergencies, local government departments concerned organization and coordination difficulties. In the event of an emergency, the usual state of affairs will lead to difficult organizational coordination. Because emergency response often involves many departments, the scope of responsibility of each department, the time limit of responsibility, specific work and so on how to coordinate arrangements is an important issue, and the emergency resources between the departments are difficult to integrate. All kinds of rescue teams and rescue materials are very important resources for emergency disaster reduction after an emergency. At present, there are still unscientific allocation of emergency disaster reduction resources, which are difficult to implement and seriously affect the smooth development of emergency disaster reduction work. Then it introduces the advanced experience of emergency management in the three developed countries, the United States, Japan and Russia, from the two aspects of the organization system and the legal system. Finally, it puts forward some relevant measures to solve the problems, including the improvement of the legal system. We should optimize the work structure of emergency disaster reduction, perfect the emergency resources guarantee system, compile and perfect the emergency management plan and strengthen the social participation, and strive to further strengthen the emergency management work of our local government through these countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D632.5

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