顶层设计、干部权威与越轨抗争——对中国农村信访潮的再反思

发布时间：2018-08-05 15:08

【摘要】：回顾农村税费改革对农村基层社会稳定状况的实际影响,对制定合理的维稳政策具有重要实践意义。基于全国代表性数据,本文分析了农村税费改革对信访态势的影响,提出了解释不同村庄间2003至2005年间信访态势差异的新框架。研究发现,无论在税费改革前后,基层财务和征地拆迁一直是诱发农村越轨抗争的主要因素,而税费负担对越轨抗争发挥了相对有限的刺激作用。更为重要的是,由于税费改革瓦解了一些村庄基层干部原本拥有的权威,如果这些村庄此前又经历过征地拆迁,矛盾隐患就会显现出来,问题就难以被解决在乡土社区内部,越级上访就会层出不穷。从政策角度来看,要想把旨在改善干群关系、促进社会稳定的顶层设计落到实处,必须在一定程度上尊重基层权威结构、避免颠覆性破坏基层既有秩序。
[Abstract]:It is of great practical significance to review the actual influence of the rural tax and fee reform on the social stability of the rural grassroots and to formulate a reasonable maintenance policy. Based on the national representative data, this paper analyzes the influence of the rural tax and fee reform on the situation of petition and visits, and puts forward a new framework to explain the difference of the situation of petition and visit between different villages from 2003 to 2005. It is found that, whether before or after the tax and fee reform, grass-roots finance and land requisition and removal are the main factors inducing rural deviant protest, and the burden of tax and fee plays a relatively limited role in stimulating the transgressive struggle. More importantly, because the tax and fee reform has undermined the authority of some village grassroots cadres, if these villages have experienced land expropriation and relocation before, the hidden dangers of the contradictions will become apparent, and the problems will be difficult to solve within the local communities. A leapfrog petition will emerge in endlessly. From the policy point of view, if we want to put into practice the top-level design which aims to improve the relationship between cadres and the masses and promote social stability, we must respect the basic authority structure to a certain extent and avoid subversive destruction of the existing order at the grass-roots level.
【作者单位】：澳大利亚西澳大学社会科学学院;山东大学经济研究院;北京大学教育财政科学研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71273012) 山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2016GM24)
【分类号】：D422.6;D632.8

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