先秦儒家治国思想对当代国家治理的启示
发布时间：2018-08-16 17:18
【摘要】：党的十八届三中全会提出了“完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度,推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化”的要求,突显了治理在社会主义制度完善中的显著作用。伴随着我国经济水平的飞速发展,物质文明建设与精神文明建设的不平衡性日益凸显,尤其是社会道德建设的滞后,使得利己主义、腐化堕落等不健康的价值导向风行社会。而在治理的过程中突出思想文化的治理功能,不仅利于推动社会价值达成共识,还利于整合社会利益、化解社会矛盾、和顺社会关系,实现社会发展的秩序与和谐。先秦儒家治国思想具有普适性价值,其影响不仅及于历史,亦会及于当下乃至将来。因为思想文化的传承具有持续的历史性特征。先秦儒家治国思想不仅作为一种形而上的理论形态而存在,亦作为一种形而下的制度设计而存在,深深扎根于我国传统政治的实践中。在当时的社会背景下,先秦儒家一方面继承古代的德治政治实践经验,一方面又积极借鉴已有的文献典籍所蕴含的丰富思想,在将自身的社会理想追求与社会发展的实际相结合的基础上,以推动形成儒家治国思想。先秦儒家视自然规律与社会规律为整体,以寻求其内在的联系,获得有关天人关系、社会关系的深刻认识来作为国家治理的依据。在整合、完善的基础上,其治国思想内涵不断丰富,并向着体系化方向发展:以行“仁政”、“德治”为统领,主要包含“修己安人”、“仁者爱人”、“礼法并施”等治理思想,以求达到“天下归仁”的治理理想。它对我国后世两千多年的社会发展产生了诸多方面的影响。历史已经表明,先秦儒家治国思想有着强大的生命力,它不仅扎根于我们的性格与精神之中,还深刻影响着我们的思维与行为方式,从而潜在的引导社会的发展方向。它既有推动社会诸领域发展的优秀因子,又有阻碍其发展的反作用力。我们以今人的眼光看待先秦儒家治理思想,应当秉持马克思主义辩证的方法论,既要看到其优长之处,又要看到其缺点。科学、客观的分析和揭示先秦儒家治国理思想中具有普适性和规律性的合理内涵,又深度挖掘其细节和价值,加以继承、革新,使之与现代国家治理相结合起来,厚植当代国家治理的文明底蕴。
[Abstract]:The third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee put forward the requirement of "perfecting and developing the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governing ability", which highlighted the prominent role of governance in the perfection of the socialist system. With the rapid development of our country's economic level, the imbalance between the construction of material civilization and the construction of spiritual civilization is becoming increasingly prominent, especially the lag of the construction of social morality, which makes unhealthy values such as egoism, corruption and depravity become popular in society. In the process of governance, it is not only conducive to promoting social value to reach a consensus, but also conducive to integrating social interests, resolving social contradictions, reconciling social relations, and realizing the order and harmony of social development. Pre-Qin Confucian thought of governing the country has universal value, its influence not only in history, but also in the present and even in the future. Because the inheritance of ideology and culture has a lasting historical characteristics. Pre-Qin Confucian thought of governing the country exists not only as a metaphysical theoretical form, but also as a system design, deeply rooted in the practice of Chinese traditional politics. In the social background of that time, on the one hand, the pre-Qin Confucianists inherited the political practice experience of the ancient rule of virtue, on the other hand, they actively used for reference the rich ideas contained in the existing literature and classics. On the basis of combining the pursuit of social ideal with the reality of social development, it promotes the formation of Confucian thought of governing the country. The pre-Qin Confucianism regarded natural law and social law as a whole, seeking its internal relation, obtaining a profound understanding of the relationship between heaven and man, and social relations as the basis of national governance. On the basis of integration and perfection, its thought of governing the country is constantly rich in connotation and developing towards the direction of systematization: "benevolent government", "rule by virtue" as the leading, mainly including "self-cultivation and peace", "benevolent lover", In order to achieve the governance ideal of "return to benevolence under the world", such management thoughts as "courtesy and law and practice" are achieved. It has influenced the social development of our country for more than two thousand years. History has shown that the pre-Qin Confucian thought of governing the country has a strong vitality, it is not only rooted in our character and spirit, but also profoundly affect our thinking and behavior, thus potentially guiding the direction of social development. It not only promotes the development of various fields of society excellent factors, but also hinders its development of reaction. We should uphold the Marxist dialectical methodology to treat the pre-Qin Confucian governance thought from the perspective of modern people. We should not only see its advantages and disadvantages, but also its shortcomings. The scientific, objective analysis and revelation of the rational connotation of universality and regularity in the Confucian thought of governing the country in the pre-Qin period, and the deep excavation of its details and values, the inheritance and innovation, and the combination of them with the modern governance of the country, Thick planting of the civilization of contemporary national governance.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D092;D630
本文编号：2186656
[Abstract]:The third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee put forward the requirement of "perfecting and developing the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governing ability", which highlighted the prominent role of governance in the perfection of the socialist system. With the rapid development of our country's economic level, the imbalance between the construction of material civilization and the construction of spiritual civilization is becoming increasingly prominent, especially the lag of the construction of social morality, which makes unhealthy values such as egoism, corruption and depravity become popular in society. In the process of governance, it is not only conducive to promoting social value to reach a consensus, but also conducive to integrating social interests, resolving social contradictions, reconciling social relations, and realizing the order and harmony of social development. Pre-Qin Confucian thought of governing the country has universal value, its influence not only in history, but also in the present and even in the future. Because the inheritance of ideology and culture has a lasting historical characteristics. Pre-Qin Confucian thought of governing the country exists not only as a metaphysical theoretical form, but also as a system design, deeply rooted in the practice of Chinese traditional politics. In the social background of that time, on the one hand, the pre-Qin Confucianists inherited the political practice experience of the ancient rule of virtue, on the other hand, they actively used for reference the rich ideas contained in the existing literature and classics. On the basis of combining the pursuit of social ideal with the reality of social development, it promotes the formation of Confucian thought of governing the country. The pre-Qin Confucianism regarded natural law and social law as a whole, seeking its internal relation, obtaining a profound understanding of the relationship between heaven and man, and social relations as the basis of national governance. On the basis of integration and perfection, its thought of governing the country is constantly rich in connotation and developing towards the direction of systematization: "benevolent government", "rule by virtue" as the leading, mainly including "self-cultivation and peace", "benevolent lover", In order to achieve the governance ideal of "return to benevolence under the world", such management thoughts as "courtesy and law and practice" are achieved. It has influenced the social development of our country for more than two thousand years. History has shown that the pre-Qin Confucian thought of governing the country has a strong vitality, it is not only rooted in our character and spirit, but also profoundly affect our thinking and behavior, thus potentially guiding the direction of social development. It not only promotes the development of various fields of society excellent factors, but also hinders its development of reaction. We should uphold the Marxist dialectical methodology to treat the pre-Qin Confucian governance thought from the perspective of modern people. We should not only see its advantages and disadvantages, but also its shortcomings. The scientific, objective analysis and revelation of the rational connotation of universality and regularity in the Confucian thought of governing the country in the pre-Qin period, and the deep excavation of its details and values, the inheritance and innovation, and the combination of them with the modern governance of the country, Thick planting of the civilization of contemporary national governance.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D092;D630
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