我国公务员队伍职业能力建设研究

发布时间：2018-09-10 17:26

【摘要】：党的十八届三中全会提出全面深化改革的总目标,即“坚持完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度,推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化”,这对政府的管理能力也提出了新的要求。公务员作为政府职能的执行者,加强其职业能力建设显得尤为重要。具体来说,选择我国公务员队伍职业能力建设问题作为研究主题,主要基于三方面的考虑:其一,加强我国公务员队伍职业能力建设是全面深化改革总目标的现实回应。随着社会结构的变化、公共事务的扩展、公民意识的增强等诸多因素,公务员队伍职业能力建设越来越得到重视。尤其我国提出第五个现代化之后,公务员队伍职业能力建设显然成为“国家治理体系和治理能力现代化”的重要环节。其二,加强我国公务员队伍职业能力建设是政府职能转变目标的必然要求。随着经济结构的调整,政府职能方式也逐渐与之呈现不相适应性。如果不及时转变政府职能,将会造成行政成本浪费、资源配置紊乱、管理效能低下等问题。因此,作为政府职能的执行者,公务员队伍职业能力建设势在必行。其三,加强我国公务员队伍职业能力建设是公务员职业生涯发展的正当诉求。当前历史背景下,公务员职业应该弱化传统意义上的特权身份,但现实生活中也应该关注其对个人利益的正当诉求。当公务员职业身份和自然人身份衍生的利益发生冲突的情况下,公务员应该具备更加主动的职业选择权和发展权,而支撑这种权利的职业能力是不可忽视的要素。论文主要采用实证研究和规范分析相结合的研究方法,对公务员队伍职业能力建设的基本理论、现状研究、总体思路等问题进行了探讨和分析。第一,确定了公务员队伍职业能力建设的相关概念、理论基础和基本内涵。公务员职业能力建设是从能力、职业能力、公务员能力、公务员队伍职业能力顺延而来,以使得全文论述的焦点足够突出。本文认识到公务员个体职业生涯发展在公务员队伍职业能力建设中的重要性,将职业生涯管理理论引入到理论基础之中,与人力资本理论、胜任力理论和马克思主义干部能力建设思想一同构成理论体系,这是一种研究视角的拓展。第二,通过多种研究方法构建了我国公务员队伍职业能力的标准框架。公务员队伍职业能力标准框架的构建对于全文有引领作用。本文遵循“框架搭建——部分填充——整体完善”的研究逻辑,通过采用文献研究、样本访谈和问卷调查的研究方法和特定公务员群体的校验,提出了以核心能力、专业能力、层级能力和基本能力为四个维度的公务员队伍职业能力标准框架。第三,实证研究我国公务员队伍职业能力建设的现状及问题分析。在公务员队伍职业能力标准框架的指引下,本文从多个区域、层级和类别中选取十一位公务员代表进行深度访谈,了解到到目前我国公务员队伍职业能力不足,并从理念、政策、制度、机制四个方面归纳出能力建设方面存在的主要问题,提出加强公务员队伍职业能力建设的紧迫性和重要性。第四,通过对发达国家和地区公务员队伍职业能力建设经验的研究和比较,针对前文调研得出的问题分析结果,本文最终提出了通过系统化建设路径提升公务员队伍职业能力,即从革新管理理念、创新顶层设计、完善制度体系、优化职业生态等方面加以推进。最后,本文通过个案分析的研究方法,进一步微观验证了影响我国公务员队伍职业能力的主要因素及本文提出的解决思路。
[Abstract]:The Third Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China put forward the general goal of deepening the reform in an all-round way, that is, to "persist in perfecting and developing the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, to promote the modernization of the State governing system and governing ability", which also puts forward new requirements for the government's management ability. Specifically speaking, choosing the construction of the professional capacity of the civil service as the research topic is mainly based on three considerations. First, strengthening the construction of the professional capacity of the civil service is a realistic response to the overall goal of deepening the reform. In particular, after the fifth modernization, the construction of the professional capacity of the civil service has obviously become an important part of the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. Secondly, strengthening the construction of the professional capacity of the civil service is the goal of the transformation of government functions. With the adjustment of the economic structure, the mode of government functions is gradually incompatible with it. If the government functions are not changed in time, it will result in the waste of administrative costs, the disorder of resource allocation and the inefficiency of management. Thirdly, it is a legitimate demand for the career development of civil servants to strengthen the professional capacity building of civil servants in China. Under the current historical background, the profession of civil servants should weaken the privileged status in the traditional sense, but in real life, it should also pay attention to its legitimate demand for personal interests. In the case of conflict, civil servants should have more active right of career choice and development, and the professional ability to support this right can not be ignored. Firstly, it defines the relevant concepts, theoretical basis and basic connotation of the construction of civil servants'professional competence. The construction of civil servants' professional competence is derived from competence, professional competence, civil servants'competence and civil servants' professional competence, so as to make the focus of the full text prominent enough. The importance of individual career development of civil servants in the construction of professional capacity of civil servants, career management theory will be introduced into the theoretical basis, and human capital theory, competency theory and Marxist cadre capacity-building theory together constitute a theoretical system, which is an expansion of research perspective. Second, through a variety of research. The research method constructs the standard framework of the professional competence of the civil servants in China. The construction of the standard framework of the professional competence of the civil servants has a leading role in the full text. This paper puts forward a standard framework of professional competence of civil servants in four dimensions: core competence, professional competence, hierarchical competence and basic competence. Eleven representatives of civil servants from different regions, levels and classes were selected for in-depth interviews to find out the inadequacy of professional competence of civil servants in China. The main problems in capacity-building were summarized from four aspects of concept, policy, system and mechanism. The urgency and importance of strengthening the construction of professional competence of civil servants were put forward. Fourthly, through the study and comparison of the experience of the civil servants'professional capacity building in developed countries and regions, and in view of the analysis results of the previous research, this paper finally puts forward the way to improve the professional capacity of the civil servants through systematic construction, that is, to innovate the management concept, innovate the top-level design, improve the system and optimize the post. Finally, through the case study method, this paper further verifies the main factors affecting the professional ability of the civil service and the solutions proposed in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630.3

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