我国社团登记管理体制改革研究
发布时间：2018-09-14 10:53
【摘要】：社团的兴起和发展符合社会发展潮流,势不可挡,在诸多领域发挥着显著的作用,但是也面临着不少困难。其中,阻碍我国社团发展的最大障碍是政府对结社自由的过度限制,社团准入门槛过高。我国地方政府在现有的法规和制度框架内,正在积极探索创新和突破双重管理体制的新路子。当前,我国社团登记管理体制改革的模式主要有以下三类：一是在双重管理基础上创新模式,通过多种尝试试图解决找不到“婆家”的问题；二是直接登记管理模式,取消业务主管单位,进行直接登记管理；三是备案模式,主要针对社区社会组织等非法人社团。在双重管理基础上创新模式是对现行制度的妥协,未从根本上突破双重管理体制；备案模式是对主流制度的补充,为大量的非法人社团提供合法身份；直接登记管理模式是社团登记管理体制改革的主要方向。不同地方的社团直接登记改革力度不同,大部分尝试仍然在现行法规框架内,民政部门既做业务主管单位,也做登记主管单位,是过渡性的办法。一些地方政府改革力度大,取消了业务主管部门和挂靠机构,社团可直接到民政部门登记。社团直接登记改革的尝试大大降低了社团准入门槛,保障了公民结社自由,为新的社团登记管理体制提供实践经验。根据当前社团登记管理体制改革中的实际问题,应重新修订相关法律法规,从法律层面认可直接登记的合法性,将非法人社团纳入登记管理体制中；采用分类许可的管理思路,针对不同性质的社团,采用不同的登记管理模式,最大限度地保障公民结社自由；加强管理机构和人员建设,合理划分部门职责；建立综合监管体系,规范社团行为。随着公民社会的兴起,社团在社会治理网络中扮演这越来越重要的角色,社团登记管理体制改革是释放社团活力的关键步骤,对社团甚至是全社会具有深远意义。
[Abstract]:The rise and development of community is in line with the trend of social development, irresistible, plays a significant role in many fields, but also faces a lot of difficulties. Among them, the biggest obstacle to the development of China's associations is the excessive restriction of the freedom of association by the government. Within the framework of existing laws and regulations, local governments are actively exploring new ways to innovate and break through the dual management system. At present, there are three kinds of reform modes of the registration management system in China: one is to innovate the mode on the basis of dual management, and the other is to try to solve the problem of "mother-in-law" through a variety of attempts, and the second is to directly register the management mode. Cancellation of business units, direct registration management; third, filing mode, mainly for community social organizations and other unincorporated organizations. The innovation mode on the basis of dual management is a compromise to the current system, and fails to break through the dual management system fundamentally, the filing mode is a supplement to the mainstream system and provides legal status for a large number of unincorporated organizations. Direct registration management model is the main direction of the reform of association registration management system. The strength of direct registration reform varies from place to place, and most of the attempts are still within the framework of existing laws and regulations. Civil affairs departments are both business and registration authorities, which is a transitional method. Some local government reform efforts, the abolition of business departments and affiliated organizations, associations can be directly registered with the civil affairs department. The reform of direct registration of associations has greatly reduced the entry threshold of associations, guaranteed citizens' freedom of association, and provided practical experience for the new management system of association registration. According to the practical problems in the reform of association registration management system, the relevant laws and regulations should be revised, the legitimacy of direct registration should be recognized from the legal level, and the unincorporated associations should be brought into the registration management system. Aiming at different kinds of associations, different registration management models should be adopted to ensure the freedom of association to the maximum extent; to strengthen the construction of administrative institutions and personnel, to reasonably divide the responsibilities of departments; to establish a comprehensive supervision system; to standardize the behavior of associations. With the rise of civil society, the society plays a more and more important role in the social governance network. The reform of the association registration management system is the key step to release the vitality of the community, and has far-reaching significance to the community and even the whole society.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D632.9
本文编号：2242496
[Abstract]:The rise and development of community is in line with the trend of social development, irresistible, plays a significant role in many fields, but also faces a lot of difficulties. Among them, the biggest obstacle to the development of China's associations is the excessive restriction of the freedom of association by the government. Within the framework of existing laws and regulations, local governments are actively exploring new ways to innovate and break through the dual management system. At present, there are three kinds of reform modes of the registration management system in China: one is to innovate the mode on the basis of dual management, and the other is to try to solve the problem of "mother-in-law" through a variety of attempts, and the second is to directly register the management mode. Cancellation of business units, direct registration management; third, filing mode, mainly for community social organizations and other unincorporated organizations. The innovation mode on the basis of dual management is a compromise to the current system, and fails to break through the dual management system fundamentally, the filing mode is a supplement to the mainstream system and provides legal status for a large number of unincorporated organizations. Direct registration management model is the main direction of the reform of association registration management system. The strength of direct registration reform varies from place to place, and most of the attempts are still within the framework of existing laws and regulations. Civil affairs departments are both business and registration authorities, which is a transitional method. Some local government reform efforts, the abolition of business departments and affiliated organizations, associations can be directly registered with the civil affairs department. The reform of direct registration of associations has greatly reduced the entry threshold of associations, guaranteed citizens' freedom of association, and provided practical experience for the new management system of association registration. According to the practical problems in the reform of association registration management system, the relevant laws and regulations should be revised, the legitimacy of direct registration should be recognized from the legal level, and the unincorporated associations should be brought into the registration management system. Aiming at different kinds of associations, different registration management models should be adopted to ensure the freedom of association to the maximum extent; to strengthen the construction of administrative institutions and personnel, to reasonably divide the responsibilities of departments; to establish a comprehensive supervision system; to standardize the behavior of associations. With the rise of civil society, the society plays a more and more important role in the social governance network. The reform of the association registration management system is the key step to release the vitality of the community, and has far-reaching significance to the community and even the whole society.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D632.9
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