邻避冲突中公众风险感知影响因素模型研究
发布时间：2019-06-12 04:28
【摘要】：我国正处于城市发展的高速时期,各地区城镇的发展变化日新月异,城镇公众收入水平逐渐提高,对生活的质量提出了新的要求,然而我国的公共设施建设无法填补人民群众日益增长的社会服务需求。为改善目前的窘境,各地域政府均着手兴建各级各类工业、能源或生活服务等社会公共服务设施,以此来填补社会经济发展和民众生活的需求。随着这些公共设施如雨后春笋般得拔地而起,各种矛盾冲突也接踵而来。如今民众的环保意识和维权意识逐渐增强,在具有负外部效应的公共设施(即邻避设施)建设中,受到风险威胁的公众与该类设施的矛盾日益尖锐,进而可能导致邻避冲突。近十年频发的邻避冲突已成为社会矛盾冲突的主要冲突之一,由邻避冲突引发的一系列后续的社会问题也成为政府部门亟待解决的社会难题。公众对邻避设施的认识不足,很容易因陌生而产生不确定性的风险感知,从而容易引起公众的反对,催生邻避冲突,因邻避设施催生的社会冲突事件不仅会阻碍邻避设施的建设以及社会城市发展,使公共利益受损,同时也给社会秩序稳定带来巨大的压力。邻避设施建设与周边居民的切身利益息息相关,公众对邻避设施的风险感知与产生邻避冲突有着千丝万缕的联系,因此在建设此类公共设施的过程中,应对公众,尤其是周边居民心理上的风险感知状况有充分和正确理解与把握。然而现实生活中,一些实际损害很小的“邻避”问题也许会导致公众狂躁不安;不同城镇的人群对同一“邻避”问题的行为反应也大不相同。那么风险感知产生的具体原因又有哪些呢?本文主要对公众的风险感知差异进行研究,探讨是什么具体影响因素使公众的风险感知产生如此千变万化的差异。本文建立在风险感知的心理测量范式及风险放大理论的基础上,通过对国内外文献的梳理,选取了邻避设施类型、空间距离、风险熟悉程度、程序公正、社会信任、利益感知与社会风险放大等作为风险感知的影响因素,并提出相应的假设,构建出本研究的邻避冲突中公众风险感知影响因素模型,采用问卷调查的数据收集方式,通过数据分析得出本文结论。本研究发现公众的风险感知受到程序公正、社会信任、利益感知、熟悉程度、社会放大的显著影响,空间距离与风险感知的关系不显著,此外研究结果表明社会放大对个体与风险关系具有调节作用。通过对数据的进一步分析发现,性别、年龄、教育背景、职业和邻避设施类型的不同,公众风险感知虽有差异但并不显著即无显著关系。因此建议政府和相关管理部门在“邻避”相关事件的处理中,应加强对有关邻避设施基础信息的宣传和普及,并通过优化邻避设施决策程序与培育风险管理意识来提高公众对政府的信任,加强对社会大众媒体的规范管理。
[Abstract]:China is in a period of rapid urban development, the development of cities and towns in various regions is changing with each passing day, and the level of urban public income is gradually improving, which puts forward new requirements for the quality of life. However, the construction of public facilities in our country can not fill the growing demand for social services of the people. In order to improve the current predicament, regional governments have begun to build social and public service facilities such as industries, energy or life services at all levels to fill the needs of social and economic development and people's lives. As these public facilities sprung up like bamboo shoots after a spring rain, conflicts followed. Nowadays, people's awareness of environmental protection and rights protection is gradually enhancing. in the construction of public facilities with negative external effects, the contradiction between the public threatened by risk and this kind of facilities is becoming more and more acute, which may lead to the conflict of neighbors. In recent ten years, the frequent neighbor conflict has become one of the main conflicts of social contradictions and conflicts, and a series of subsequent social problems caused by neighbor avoidance conflicts have become social problems to be solved urgently by government departments. Because of the lack of public understanding of neighborhood facilities, it is easy to produce uncertain risk perception because of strangers, which can easily cause public opposition and give birth to neighbor conflict. The social conflict events caused by neighborhood facilities will not only hinder the construction of neighbor shelter facilities and the development of social cities, damage the public interest, but also bring great pressure to the stability of social order. The construction of neighborhood facilities is closely related to the vital interests of surrounding residents, and the public's risk perception of neighborhood facilities is inextricably linked to the emergence of neighborhood conflicts. Therefore, in the process of building such public facilities, we should fully and correctly understand and grasp the psychological risk perception of the public, especially the surrounding residents. However, in real life, some "neighbor avoidance" problems with little actual damage may lead to public mania, and the behavior response of people in different towns to the same "neighbor avoidance" problem is also very different. So what are the specific reasons for risk perception? This paper mainly studies the difference of risk perception of the public, and discusses what specific influencing factors make the risk perception of the public produce such a ever-changing difference. Based on the psychological measurement paradigm of risk perception and the theory of risk amplification, this paper selects the types of neighborhood facilities, spatial distance, risk familiarity, procedural justice, social trust, interest perception and social risk amplification as the influencing factors of risk perception, and puts forward the corresponding assumptions, and constructs the influencing factors model of public risk perception in neighborhood conflict. The data collection method of questionnaire survey is used to draw the conclusion of this paper through data analysis. In this study, it is found that the risk perception of the public is significantly affected by procedural justice, social trust, interest perception, familiarity and social magnification, and the relationship between spatial distance and risk perception is not significant. In addition, the results show that social amplification plays a regulatory role in the relationship between individual and risk. Through the further analysis of the data, it is found that there are differences in public risk perception between gender, age, educational background, occupation and neighborhood facilities, but there is no significant relationship between them. Therefore, it is suggested that the government and relevant management departments should strengthen the propaganda and popularization of the basic information about neighborhood facilities in the handling of "neighbor avoidance" related events, and enhance public trust in the government and strengthen the standardized management of social mass media by optimizing the decision-making procedures of neighborhood facilities and cultivating risk management awareness.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D630
[Abstract]:China is in a period of rapid urban development, the development of cities and towns in various regions is changing with each passing day, and the level of urban public income is gradually improving, which puts forward new requirements for the quality of life. However, the construction of public facilities in our country can not fill the growing demand for social services of the people. In order to improve the current predicament, regional governments have begun to build social and public service facilities such as industries, energy or life services at all levels to fill the needs of social and economic development and people's lives. As these public facilities sprung up like bamboo shoots after a spring rain, conflicts followed. Nowadays, people's awareness of environmental protection and rights protection is gradually enhancing. in the construction of public facilities with negative external effects, the contradiction between the public threatened by risk and this kind of facilities is becoming more and more acute, which may lead to the conflict of neighbors. In recent ten years, the frequent neighbor conflict has become one of the main conflicts of social contradictions and conflicts, and a series of subsequent social problems caused by neighbor avoidance conflicts have become social problems to be solved urgently by government departments. Because of the lack of public understanding of neighborhood facilities, it is easy to produce uncertain risk perception because of strangers, which can easily cause public opposition and give birth to neighbor conflict. The social conflict events caused by neighborhood facilities will not only hinder the construction of neighbor shelter facilities and the development of social cities, damage the public interest, but also bring great pressure to the stability of social order. The construction of neighborhood facilities is closely related to the vital interests of surrounding residents, and the public's risk perception of neighborhood facilities is inextricably linked to the emergence of neighborhood conflicts. Therefore, in the process of building such public facilities, we should fully and correctly understand and grasp the psychological risk perception of the public, especially the surrounding residents. However, in real life, some "neighbor avoidance" problems with little actual damage may lead to public mania, and the behavior response of people in different towns to the same "neighbor avoidance" problem is also very different. So what are the specific reasons for risk perception? This paper mainly studies the difference of risk perception of the public, and discusses what specific influencing factors make the risk perception of the public produce such a ever-changing difference. Based on the psychological measurement paradigm of risk perception and the theory of risk amplification, this paper selects the types of neighborhood facilities, spatial distance, risk familiarity, procedural justice, social trust, interest perception and social risk amplification as the influencing factors of risk perception, and puts forward the corresponding assumptions, and constructs the influencing factors model of public risk perception in neighborhood conflict. The data collection method of questionnaire survey is used to draw the conclusion of this paper through data analysis. In this study, it is found that the risk perception of the public is significantly affected by procedural justice, social trust, interest perception, familiarity and social magnification, and the relationship between spatial distance and risk perception is not significant. In addition, the results show that social amplification plays a regulatory role in the relationship between individual and risk. Through the further analysis of the data, it is found that there are differences in public risk perception between gender, age, educational background, occupation and neighborhood facilities, but there is no significant relationship between them. Therefore, it is suggested that the government and relevant management departments should strengthen the propaganda and popularization of the basic information about neighborhood facilities in the handling of "neighbor avoidance" related events, and enhance public trust in the government and strengthen the standardized management of social mass media by optimizing the decision-making procedures of neighborhood facilities and cultivating risk management awareness.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D630
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