我国地方政府融资平台相关问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 11:51

本文选题：地方政府融资平台 + 融资模式　；参考：《东北财经大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：地方政府融资平台,近几年来这个词活跃在经济领域,特别是2008年末,中央推出的“4万亿”刺激计划后,地方政府对资金的需求更加迫切。地方政府融资平台的建设日渐突起。综合的来说,地方融资平台是指地方政府发起设立,通过划拨土地、股权、规费、国债等资产,迅速包装出一个资产和现金流均可达融资标准的公司,必要时再辅之以财政补贴作为还款承诺,以实现承接各路资金的目的,进而将资金运用于市政建设、公用事业等肥瘠不一的项目。 1994年分税制的改革,中央政府财力加强,加上转移支付制度的不完善,地方政府财力削弱,而且又要承担大量的公共事务支出。地方政府融资平台正是在地方政府对资金需求和地方政府资金供给不匹配的矛盾下产生的。在我国特殊的法律政治体系下,即中央政府禁止地方政府举债融资的背景下,同时,地方政府又迫切需要大量资金发展,建设地方的相关基础设施。为解决这一矛盾,各级地方政府开始设立平台公司。特别是国际金融危机爆发后,给全球经济带来了沉重的打击,世界经济进入低谷。我国为应对金融危机的不利影响,实施了大规模的投资刺激计划。但在地方政府财政收入不能短时间迅速增加情况下,地方政府就只能通过负债来填补资金缺口,同时由于现行法律规定“不允许发行地方政府债券”因此,地方政府融资平台的数量和规模达到了前所未有的水平,在防止经济过快下滑、支持经济企暖回升的同时,地方政府融资平台所存在的金融、财政等风险,也引起各方的高度关注。本文介绍了融资平台相关的一系列情况,包括地方政府融资平台的内涵、功能、特征及历史形成经过。通过对地方政府融资平台现状的描述,来进一步说明融资平台的资金筹集来源、融资途径和方式,资金运用、投向和还款来源。准确分析了地方政府融资平台存在的诸多主要问题,如设立混乱、数量庞大、运作不规范,定位模糊、投资效率低下、融资行为不规范等。文章又介绍了国外地方政府融资模式,并根据经验结合我国国情,对地方政府融资平台建设得出了启示。最后对完善地方政府融资平台方面,如融资平台法人属性、融资平台的规范、风险的防范等方面,提出了对策建议。该论文关于地方政府融资平台的研究对建立和完善政府融资平台资产管理体制,优化地方政府的资源配置,使地方政府能更好地提供基础设施建设和公共产品与服务,都具有很大的理论和现实意义。
[Abstract]:Local government financing platforms, the term has been active in the economy in recent years, especially in late 2008, the central government launched the "4 trillion" stimulus plan, local governments more urgent demand for money. The construction of local government financing platform is emerging day by day. To sum up, the local financing platform refers to a company that has been set up by the local government, which can quickly package a company with assets and cash flows that can meet the financing standards through the allocation of land, equity, fees, treasury bonds, and other assets. If necessary, it will be supplemented by financial subsidies as repayment commitments to achieve the purpose of accepting various funds, and then the funds will be used in municipal construction, utilities and other fertilizer projects. The reform of the tax system in 1994, the strengthening of the central government's financial resources, and the imperfection of the transfer payment system have weakened the local governments' financial resources, and they have to shoulder a large amount of public affairs expenditure. The local government financing platform is produced under the contradiction between the local government's capital demand and the local government's capital supply. Under the special legal and political system of our country, that is, the central government forbids the local government from borrowing and financing, at the same time, the local government urgently needs a large amount of funds to develop and build the local related infrastructure. In order to solve this contradiction, local governments at all levels began to set up platform companies. Especially after the international financial crisis broke out, it brought a heavy blow to the global economy, and the world economy entered a low point. In order to deal with the adverse effects of the financial crisis, China has implemented a large-scale investment stimulus program. However, when local government revenue cannot increase rapidly in a short period of time, the local government can only fill the funding gap through debt. At the same time, because the current law stipulates that "local government bonds are not allowed to be issued", The number and scale of local government financing platforms have reached an unprecedented level. While preventing the economy from falling too fast and supporting economic warming and recovery, the local government financing platforms have financial and fiscal risks. It has also aroused great concern from all parties. This paper introduces a series of situations related to the financing platform, including the connotation, function, characteristics and historical formation of the local government financing platform. By describing the current situation of local government financing platform, the paper further explains the financing sources, ways and means of financing, the use of funds, investment and repayment sources. The main problems of local government financing platform are analyzed accurately, such as chaos, large quantity, non-standard operation, vague positioning, low investment efficiency, non-standard financing behavior and so on. The article also introduces the financing mode of foreign local government, and based on the experience of our country, it gives some enlightenment to the construction of local government financing platform. Finally, some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to improve the local government financing platform, such as the legal personality of the financing platform, the standardization of the financing platform, the prevention of risks and so on. In this paper, the research on the local government financing platform is to establish and perfect the asset management system of the local government financing platform, optimize the resource allocation of the local government, and enable the local government to provide infrastructure construction and public goods and services better. Are of great theoretical and practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F812.5

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