20世纪90年代以来美国新品格教育的实践进展研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 21:04

本文选题：新品格教育　切入点：实践进展　出处：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在全球化、信息化、市场化以及社会变迁剧烈的时代,如何为新时代培育出品格高尚的人成为世界各国重要的教育议题。我国自上世纪90年代以来一直处于的社会转型期,传统社会价值和道德教育方式也受到了极大的冲击,如何寻求新价值方向和有效的教育方式方法,也成为新时代的话题。美国自上世纪70年代以来,便对本国品格教育问题进行了研究,其品格教育的政策、理念与方式方法都被我国学界所关注。但最近30年以来,其品格教育的课程、实施项目以及实践状况到底如何,需要进一步的考察。在于此,本人利用留学美国一年的机会,深度研讨了相关文献,并考察了美国的一些幼儿园和学校,探索了美国在品格教育方面在最近三十年的进展状况。论文共由五部分构成,遵循从历史到当下、从宏观到微观、从理论到实践的逻辑展开。第一部分为绪论,主要介绍了研究背景、意义以及本文的研究问题、基本概念和研究方法,并同时综述了国内相关的研究,明确了本研究的出发点以及宗旨所在。第一章主要陈述了近三十年美国新品格教育的发展背景,内容主要包括上世纪90年代时的美国新品格教育的历史特征、近三十年来美国政府和社会对新品格教育的重视与政策支持,学术界对当时占有主导影响力的品格教育理论的批判,以及学术界重新建构的新品格教育理论。本章为全文描绘了近三十年美国新品格教育的历史、政策、社会以及思想界基础,也为第二、第三章铺设了必要的宏观背景。第二章是论文的主体部分之一,重点分析了新品格教育的课程与项目。一些富有影响力的课程包括学前到高中阶段的IM4U课程,"品格至要"课程和"长颈鹿"课程,项目方面重点介绍了针对频发的校园冲突和欺凌问题而在被当前学校中具体运用的两个卓有成效的项目。论文主要陈述了这些课程和项目的基本主张、实践策略以及当前的应用推广情况。第三章是对美国幼儿园和小学校进行的实践考察,也是论文的主要内容之一,主要记录和分析了同伴冲突与校园欺凌的情境下教师的教育策略、背后所蕴含的教育理论以及相应的政策理念对他们教育行为的影响等问题。这一章是从教育实践层面进一步清晰美国新品格教育的实际进展状态。第四章是美国新品格教育所面临的挑战,对新品格教育的合理性、实践成效以及存在的不足进行了分析。本文认为,总体上,近三十年来美国新品格教育的实践成效是值得肯定的,积累了很多富有借鉴意义的课程方案、项目方案以及教育教学方式方法。这些成就的取得与美国政府的高度重视、社会关注以及学术界的理论引领都是密不可分的。当然,我们还要客观地看待美国新品格教育的不足之处,比如,师资培训不足、缺乏相应的评价机制、以及脱离道德情境而简单进行道德灌输的情况也很常见;同时,美国学术界过分强调学校和个人在品格教育上的责任,而忽视社会、经济等因素在其中的影响力。
[Abstract]:In the globalization, informatization, marketization and the dramatic social change era, how to cultivate the new era produced noble personality people become an important issue for the education of our country has been in the world. Since the last century since 90s, the period of social transformation, the traditional social values and moral education have a great impact, how to seek a new method the value direction and effective way of education, has become a new topic. The United States since the last century since 70s, the domestic character education of the character education policy, theory and methods have been concerned about my Ancient Chinese Literature Search field. However, since the last 30 years, the character education curriculum, the implementation of the project and the practice of what needs further investigation. In this, I use the opportunity to study in the United States for a year, in-depth discussion of the relevant literature, and studied the American kindergarten And the school, explores the situation in character education in recent thirty years of American progress. The thesis consists of five parts, follow from the history to the present, from macroscopic to microcosmic, from theory to practice logic. The first part is the introduction, mainly introduces the research background, significance and research questions of this paper, the basic concept of and the research methods, and summarizes the domestic related research, defines the starting point of this study and the purpose. The first chapter presents the background of the development of the new character education in the past thirty years, the historical features include the new character education in 90s of the last thirty years the United States government and society attention and policy of new character education support, academic criticism of the then dominant influence of character education theory, and academic re construction of new character education theory. This chapter is This paper describes the new character education in the past thirty years of history, policy, social and ideological basis, but also for the second, the macro background necessary laying third chapter. The second chapter is the main part of the thesis, focuses on the analysis of the curriculum and the project of the new character education. Some influential courses including preschool to high school the IM4U course, "the character to" GIRAFFE "and" curriculum curriculum, project introduces the Campus Conflicts and frequent bullying problems in two very fruitful project specific application in the current school. The paper mainly describes the basic ideas of these courses and projects, practical strategies and application situation at present. The third chapter is the study of the practice of the kindergarten and primary school, one of the main contents of this thesis is the main recording and analysis of the peer conflict and campus bullying situation Teachers' educational strategies, problems behind the education theory and policy concept corresponding to the influence on their educational behavior. This chapter is from the practice of education level to further clear the new character education of the actual status. The fourth chapter is the new character education is facing the challenge of the rationality of the new character education and practice the effectiveness and shortcomings are analyzed. This paper argues that, on the whole, nearly thirty years of American new character education practice is worth affirmation, accumulated a lot of rich reference program, project plan and teaching methods. These achievements are attaches great importance to the American government, and social concern the academic theory of leading are inseparable. Of course, we still have shortcomings, objectively look at the new character education for teacher training is insufficient, lack of phase The evaluation mechanism and the moral instillation are also very common. At the same time, the American academia overemphasizes the responsibility of schools and individuals in character education, but ignores the influence of social and economic factors.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G416

【参考文献】