初中数学策略性知识的教学设计及其案例分析

发布时间：2017-12-28 16:00

本文关键词：初中数学策略性知识的教学设计及其案例分析　出处：《杭州师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：认知心理学将知识分为三大类:策略性知识、程序性知识、陈述性知识。学生用不同的方式掌握不同类型的知识,对不同类型的知识进行有针对性的教学是促进学生学习和把握知识的有效途径。学会学习,学会思考,学会独立获取知识并运用所获知识去分析和解决问题既是时代发展对中学生的要求,也是中学素质教育的题中之义,而这些要通过数学策略性知识的教学才能达到的。策略性知识的学习对提高学生的学习效率具有重要意义。本文研究了策略性知识的概念及其作用,论述了策略性知识的特征,讨论了数学策略性知识与数学思想、数学方法之间的关系。结合初中数学的特点及教学,用具体的案例介绍了数形结合策略、转化划归策略、分类讨论策略、数学规则教学策略以及数学概念教学策略,对策略性知识教学的诸多措施作了进一步的阐述,再针对不同类型的策略性知识进行教学设计并分析了从特殊到一般、从一般到特殊、直观化策略、熟悉化策略、实际问题的数学抽象化策略。策略性知识的教学不但能够提高教师的教学效果,而且在一定程度上影响学生的学习策略。同时还可以有效提高学生的学习效率,使学生灵活运用所学的知识,提高学生的数学成绩。更重要的是,策略性知识能让学生学会思考,学会学习,使学生终身受益。
[Abstract]:Cognitive psychology divides knowledge into three categories: strategic knowledge, procedural knowledge and declarative knowledge. Students' different ways of mastering different kinds of knowledge and targeted teaching of different kinds of knowledge are effective ways to promote students' learning and knowledge. Learning to learn, learning to think, learning to acquire knowledge independently and using the acquired knowledge to analyze and solve problems are not only the requirements of the development of the times for the middle school students, but also the meaning of the quality education in middle schools, which are achieved through the teaching of mathematical strategic knowledge. The learning of strategic knowledge is of great significance to improving the students' learning efficiency. This paper studies the concept and function of strategic knowledge, discusses the characteristics of strategic knowledge, and discusses the relationship between mathematical strategic knowledge and mathematical thinking and mathematical methods. According to the characteristics of junior high school mathematics and teaching, with specific case describes the combination strategy, transformation strategy, classification strategy, to discuss the mathematical rules of teaching strategies and teaching strategies of mathematical concepts, many measures of teaching are discussed, then according to the different types of strategic knowledge of teaching design and analysis the mathematical abstraction strategies from special to general, from general to specific, intuitive strategy, familiar with the strategy, practical problems. The teaching of strategic knowledge can not only improve the teaching effect of teachers, but also influence the students' learning strategies to a certain extent. At the same time, it can also effectively improve the students' learning efficiency, so that students can use their knowledge flexibly and improve the students' math performance. More importantly, strategic knowledge can enable students to learn to think, learn to learn, and to benefit the students for life.
【学位授予单位】：杭州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.6

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