人教版初中化学教材与美国初中主流理科教材化学部分的比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 13:11

本文关键词：人教版初中化学教材与美国初中主流理科教材化学部分的比较研究　出处：《哈尔滨师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：教材的改革是我国基础教育改革的核心内容。初中阶段化学作为学生认识化学学科的起始阶段,化学教材的编写需要以学生认知水平和学习兴趣为基础,只有在适合学生认知水平和兴趣的前提下,教材才能在今后的化学学科发展中起到不容忽视的作用。因此进行中美两国初中化学教材的比较研究,结合我们自身教材特点的基础上借鉴美版教材中的优点,能为进一步基础教育改革提供有力的依据。本文中主要采用了比较研究法,其次还运用到了文献研究法、个案研究法等。首先在阐明中美两国的初中化学教材有史以来改革的路程和现今使用的现状的基础上,对我国义务教育中人教版九年级化学教材和美国初中主流理科教材《科学探索者》中的化学部分从课程目标、结构的特点、内容的丰富等内容进行了比较研究。其中内容方面是从所讲述的知识点、实验探究活动、教材插图方面以及习题的设置等四个方面去比较研究的。本课题在比较研究的基础上分析了两套教材的特色和不足,提出了教材编写的建议:统一性与多样性相结合、实验内容更贴近生活、教材内容加强学科之间的渗透、注重培养学生的科学素养等。
[Abstract]:The reform of teaching materials is the core content of the basic education reform in our country. Chemistry in junior middle school is the initial stage of students' understanding of chemistry, and the compilation of chemistry textbooks should be based on the students' cognitive level and interest in learning. Only if it is suitable for the students' cognitive level and interest, the textbooks can play an important role in the development of chemistry in the future. Therefore, the comparative study of junior high school chemistry textbooks between China and the United States is carried out. On the basis of the characteristics of our own textbooks, we can learn from the advantages of the American version of textbooks, which can provide a strong basis for the further reform of basic education. In this paper, we mainly use the comparative research method. Secondly, it also applies the literature research method, case study method and so on. First of all, on the basis of clarifying the history of the reform of junior high school chemistry teaching materials in China and the United States and the current situation of the use of junior high school chemistry teaching materials in China and the United States. From the characteristics of curriculum objectives and structure, the chemistry teaching materials of the ninth grade in Chinese compulsory education and the mainstream science textbook of American junior high school, "Science Explorer", are discussed in this paper. The content of the rich and so on has carried on the comparative research, in which the content aspect is from the narrated knowledge point, the experiment inquiry activity. This paper analyzes the characteristics and shortcomings of the two sets of textbooks on the basis of comparative study. The author puts forward some suggestions for compiling the textbook: combining unity and diversity, bringing the experimental contents closer to life, strengthening the infiltration of the subjects, and paying attention to the cultivation of students' scientific literacy and so on.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.8

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