人教版中学化学教科书《化学反应原理》知识的衔接性研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 05:06

本文关键词：人教版中学化学教科书《化学反应原理》知识的衔接性研究　出处：《内蒙古师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：建构主义学习理论强调,学生对新知识的学习,是以原有知识为基础主动建构而成的,这就体现了相关知识的学习应具有衔接性。在中学化学新课程中,义务教育与高中必修、选修教科书之间知识内容的呈现具有螺旋上升、层级发展的特点,学生对化学学习的认知水平也由入门到发展再到个性化的深入和提高,这就导致了教学梯度的存在。化学反应原理揭示了化学反应的本质规律,体现了化学学科的核心观念,它能帮助学生深入理解元素化合物相关知识,体会化学在生产、生活和科学研究中所起的重要作用,发展学生逻辑思维,促进学生化学反应知识的系统化,提高学生化学学科素养。所以,对中学化学新课改教科书中关于“化学反应原理”的知识编排进行系统的衔接性研究势在必行。通过大量的文献分析和问卷调查发现,很多教师已经意识到中学“化学反应原理”相关知识存在衔接性,但却不知道为做好化学反应原理衔接教学应该做哪些准备工作、如何将这种衔接性体现到教学设计中、如何在课堂教学中进行实际操作、在衔接教学过程中应注意哪些问题等等。课题研究以问卷调查所发现的问题为基础,以人教版普通高中课程标准实验教科书《化学反应原理(选修4)》所含内容为基准,找出化学反应原理相关知识在各阶段教科书中的出处,罗列教科书中有关化学反应原理知识在各阶段教科书内容编排中的具体呈现,指出各阶段需要衔接的知识点,分析各阶段以及章节内部内容之间的衔接关系。据此提出四点教学策略:认真研读课程标准,把握教学内容深广度;系统分析课程内容,找准知识的衔接点;勤于梳理知识脉络,逐步完善知识体系;关注学生认识发展,形成化学基本观念。并通过列举典型教学设计案例,说明在教学中如何恰当进行衔接教学设计,合理穿插所需衔接内容。旨在为中学化学教师顺利进行《化学反应原理(选修4)》的教学提供一些设计思路,为做好中学化学反应原理知识的衔接教学提供一些参考。
[Abstract]:Constructivist learning theory emphasizes that students' learning of new knowledge is based on the original knowledge, which shows that the learning of relevant knowledge should be cohesive. Compulsory education and high school compulsory, elective textbooks between the presentation of knowledge content with spiral rise, hierarchical development of the characteristics of students' understanding of chemical learning from entry to development and then to personalized depth and improvement. This leads to the existence of teaching gradient. Chemical reaction principle reveals the essential law of chemical reaction and embodies the core concept of chemistry. It can help students to understand the related knowledge of elements and compounds in depth. To understand the important role of chemistry in production, life and scientific research, to develop students' logical thinking, to promote the systematization of students' chemical reaction knowledge, and to improve students' chemistry literacy. It is imperative to make a systematic and cohesive study on the arrangement of knowledge about the principle of chemical reaction in the textbooks of the new curriculum reform of chemistry in middle schools, and find out through a large number of literature analyses and questionnaires. Many teachers have realized that there is cohesion in the knowledge of chemical reaction principle in middle school, but they do not know what preparations should be made for the teaching of chemical reaction principle cohesion. How to embody this kind of cohesion in the teaching design, how to carry on the actual operation in the classroom teaching, what problems should be paid attention to in the course of the cohesive teaching and so on. The research is based on the problems found by the questionnaire. Based on the contents of "Chemical reaction principle (elective 4)", the relevant knowledge of chemical reaction principle is found out in various stages of textbooks. This paper lists the specific presentation of the knowledge of chemical reaction principle in the content arrangement of each stage of the textbook, and points out the points of knowledge that need to be connected in each stage. Based on the analysis of the cohesive relationship between the various stages and the contents of the chapters, four teaching strategies are put forward: to study the curriculum standards seriously and to grasp the depth and breadth of the teaching contents; Systematic analysis of the content of the course to find the right point of convergence of knowledge; Diligent in combing the knowledge context, gradually improve the knowledge system; Pay attention to the students' understanding and development, form the basic concept of chemistry, and by enumerating the typical teaching design cases, explain how to properly carry out the link teaching design in the teaching. The purpose of this paper is to provide some design ideas for middle school chemistry teachers to carry out the teaching of chemical reaction principle (elective 4). It provides some reference for the linking teaching of chemical reaction principle in middle school.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.8

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