苏教版初中语文教科书助读系统研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 15:34

本文关键词：苏教版初中语文教科书助读系统研究　出处：《扬州大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：语文教科书是语文课程内容的载体,也是语文教学活动的主要的凭借物,是学生学习的例子,同时承载着祖国文化传承及学生精神培养的重要使命,其在语文课程与教学中的地位至关重要。一般认为,中学语文教科书的构成要素包含范文系统、知识系统、作业系统和助读系统四个相互联系的系统。四个系统中,助读系统又叫导学系统,是教科书编者为了帮助学生理解课文,掌握阅读方法而设计的一系列的各种形式的图文资料。苏教版初中语文教科书是全国影响较大的优秀教科书,它的助读系统具有着人文性、灵活性、独特性等特点,本文对其进行研究,旨在为苏教版初中语文教科书在助读系统的修订部分提供一些理论依据,同时帮助使用该版教科书的语文教师认识助读系统在教学方面的价值,从而使助读系统发挥其作用,更好地使用助读系统。本篇论文正文部分分四章展开论述。第一章概述语文教科书的助读系统,认为语文教科书助读系统包括教科书中的学习目标、重点和方法提示,以及对某些疑难问题的诠释,也包括引述相关资料的一系列文字材料或图片资料,是语文教科书中帮助教师和学生理解文本的一系列材料。助读系统分为提示语类、注释类、图像类和附录类等四类。助读系统不仅能供学生学习知识,也可供师生明确教学目标、掌握学习方法。利用助读系统可以降低学生理解文本的难度从’而帮助学生更好的理解课文,提高学生语文学习的兴趣,进一步培养学生的自学能力。本章还探析了语文教科书助读系统从古到今的发展历程。第二章从提示语、注释、插图、附录四个重要组成部分对苏教版初中语文教科书的助读系统的内容进行梳理和分析,认为该教科书助读系统在四个部分均有创获。第一,在提示语方面,体现出明显的人文性：编者语体现出与学生平等对话的口吻,营造出亲切自然、民主化的氛围,使学生能够更准确更积极的理解编者的意图,从而明确自己的学习目标；单元导语非常鲜明的反映了语文学习从低到高、由浅入深、由简单到复杂的这样一个发展变化过程,是一个成系统的整体,并渗透着“以学生为本”、“语文与生活紧密联系”的思想,让学生感到语文学科所独有的人文情怀。提示语以优美的文字创设出诗画一般的情景充分引起学生的兴趣,诗意的语言让学生在语文中体味语文,在这样的语言中学会如何学习语文,如何学会生活,如何学会做人。第二,在注释方面,提倡精简：一般学生可以通过工具书或资料书自己查到字词、可以根据上下文语境学生通过推导或与同学合作研究能弄懂的词语、不影响对教材整体理解的生冷词语、较深、较难而学生目前尚不需要掌握的词语方面的专用词语等一般不加注；凡应在其它科学习中解决的自然科学方面的内容简化注释。第三,在插图方面，形式和内容都较为丰富：插图的位置分扉页、随文和文末几种,插图有彩色和黑白各色的,内容有关于风景名胜、人物肖像、故事情节、诗词意境等方面的,插图形象反映了文本的内容或意蕴,增加了学生学习的趣味性,体现了文本的审美性和情感性。第四,在附录方面,苏教版的附录内容系统性很强,分为应用文示例、语法修辞简表、字词表、书法赏析四个部分。第三章深入探讨了苏教版初中语文教科书助读系统的特色,认为其最明显的特色为助读系统少而精,重视理解与鉴赏,彰显人文色彩,编排方式别出心裁。第四章着眼于实践,从教师和学生方面对苏教版初中语文教科书助读系统的使用情况作了统计并进行分析,提出教科书修订及使用方面的建议。认为：在教材修订方面,应提升语文知识在助读系统中的重要地位,丰富助读系统提示的学习目标,使其更具体实际、应更注重细节；教师使用方面,要重视助读系统,合理使用苏教版初中语文教科书的单元导语,重视课文注释,必要时结合文本有所补充拓展,发挥插图功效,引导学生重视利用插图,充分运用附录,最大程度培养学生自学能力,而且应带着质疑、创新的眼光,对助读系统在教学中的运用有所反思；学生使用方面,要重视助读系统在预习中的重要性,在课堂上注意教师对助读系统的利用和引导,同时要学会结合助读系统进行复习。
[Abstract]:Chinese textbook is the carrier of Chinese courses, and Chinese teaching activities mainly by virtue of objects, learning examples, while carrying the important mission of national cultural heritage and the cultivation of the spirit of the students, the most important place in the Chinese curriculum and teaching. Generally, the middle school language textbook consists of sample system, knowledge system, operating system and the reading aid system of four interconnected system. The four system, the reading aid system is also called the guidance system, is a textbook editor to help students understand the text, grasp the information forms a series of design and method of reading. Junior high school Chinese textbook is an excellent textbook of national influence the larger, its reading aid system with humanism, flexibility, unique characteristics, this paper carries on the research, aimed at the junior high school language textbook in help To provide some theoretical basis for the revised reading system, at the same time help using the textbook of Chinese teachers' understanding of the reading aid system in the aspect of teaching value, so that the reading aid system to play its role, to better use help reading system. This thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter outlines the Chinese textbooks to help read, think Chinese textbooks help reading system including textbooks learning objectives, priorities and methods and tips, interpretation of some difficult problems, including a series of related data quoted texts or pictures, is a series of materials to help teachers and students understand the text in the Chinese textbooks. The reading aid system is divided into prompt language class, class notes, image class and the appendix. Class four class reading aid system can not only for students to learn knowledge, but also for teachers and students teaching goal, mastery learning methods. Using the reading aid system Can reduce students' understanding of the text from the difficulty "and help students understand the text better, improve the students' interest in Chinese learning, to cultivate students' self-study ability. This chapter also discusses the development course of Chinese textbooks help reading system of ancient times. In the second chapter, prompt, notes, illustrations, four important parts of the system to read the appendix on the junior high school Chinese textbook to help the content of carding and analysis, that the textbooks help reading system in four parts were discovered. First, in the prompt, manifest the humanity clear: the editor's words reflect the equal dialogue with the students to create a kind of natural tone, democratic atmosphere. To enable students to be more accurate understanding of intention's more positive, so as to clear their own learning objectives; unit lead very distinctive reflects the Chinese learning from low to high, from shallow to deep, from simple To such a complicated development process, is a system as a whole, and the "student-centered", "Chinese is closely related to" and the idea of living, let students feel the unique humane feelings. The prompt to create a beautiful language of poetry in general situation fully aroused the interest of students, allow students to appreciate the poetic language in Chinese language, in such a language learned how to learn Chinese, learn how to live, how to learn to be. Second, advocate in streamlining the notes, students can work out: general books or books to check their own words according to the context, can students through the derivation or cooperation with the students study can understand words, words do not affect the cold, deep understanding of the material of the whole, and it is not difficult for students to master the words of special words usually not Note; where should be solved in the other branch of learning science in the aspects of simplified annotation. Third, in the illustration, the form and content of abundant illustrations: the location of points with the title page, and at the end of the paper, several illustrations are in color and black and white colors, the content of a scenic, portrait, story the plot, poetry and other aspects of the illustration image reflects the text content or meaning, increase students' learning interest, embodies the aesthetic and emotion of the text. Fourth, in the appendix, appendix content system of Jiangsu is very strong, as the example, grammar and rhetoric short form words table four part of calligraphy appreciation. The third chapter discusses the junior high school Chinese textbooks help reading system characteristics, the most obvious characteristic is the reading aid system less attention, understanding and appreciation, humanistic color, arrangement do not mind Cut. The fourth chapter focuses on the practice, from the teachers and students of junior high school Chinese textbooks help reading system for the use of statistics and analysis, put forward amendments and suggestions. The use of textbooks that: in the textbook, should enhance the knowledge of Chinese language reading plays an important role in the system, help the rich read the system prompts the learning objectives, to make it more practical, more attention should be paid to the details; teachers use, should pay attention to the reading aid system, the rational use of junior high school Chinese textbook unit lead, pay attention to text notes, when necessary to be added to expand the combination of text, illustrations play effect, guide the students to pay attention to the use of illustrations, make full use of in Appendix, the greatest degree of cultivate students' self-study ability, but also with the question, innovation perspective, to use help reading system in teaching reflection; students use, should pay attention to the reading aid system In the preview of the importance of teachers in the classroom attention to the use of the help reading system and guidance, at the same time to learn to combine the help reading system to review.

【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.3

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