中小学教师资格弹性注册制度研究

发布时间：2018-01-27 13:06

  本文关键词： 教师资格 定期注册 弹性注册 教师质量　出处：《浙江师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：教师是教学的主体,承担着教书育人的责任,教师队伍的质量直接决定教育质量,教师资格制度作为与教师职业关系最密切的制度,直接影响着教师队伍质量的优劣。在我国建国初期,政局初步稳定,教育事业亟待振兴,教师队伍建设所面临的最大问题就是教师数量紧缺,实施教师政策的主要目的就是尽快培养出足够数量的教师以满足迅速增长的学校数量和学生数量,受当时社会环境的影响,政治素质成为教师教育的主要内容,甚至在部分特殊时期成为了取得教师资格的唯一条件。在进入社会转型期之后,教师数量的日趋饱和,教师资格制度逐渐向着高标准和规范化的方向发展,教师资格证书制度是我国向教师专业化发展的基础制度,是教师队伍质量的重要保障,但教师资格制度没有规定教师资格证书的有效期,只要不违反师德师风规定,教师资格证书就终身有效,可以随时走上教师岗位,这种制度在基础教育不断发展的过程中显露了一些弊端。2013年8月,教育部发布《中小学教师资格定期注册暂行办法》,首次从制度上打破了教师的“铁饭碗”。实施此项制度的目标是促进教师队伍质量的不断提升,但制度本身仍存在缺陷。教师职业生涯会持续30到40年,教师在不同年龄段具有的教学能力、心里状态,对工作的热情度等都不尽相同,实施教师资格每5年一注册,对教师专业成长的促进作用有限。我国城乡二元体制明显,东中西部地区教育发展水平差距显著,在全国推行一致的定期注册标准不利于落后地区教师队伍的稳定。此外,教育行政部门对教师资格定期注册工作的大包大揽可能会造成教师培训效率低下和注册监管不严格等问题。发达国家在实施教师资格证书更新制的过程中,十分重视专业团体的作用,将教师继续教育与教师资格证书分级制引入到教师资格定期注册中,既能鼓励教师参与学习的热情,也能减轻主管部门和教师的压力。我国的教师资格定期注册制度应当建立在教师职业生涯发展规律的基础上,采用“渐疏”式的注册时间,在每次注册中根据教师的不同发展水平采取不同的考核制度,注册内容以课堂教学为核心,减轻教师压力。教师培训应以教师需求为出发点,把培训课程推向市场,多元选择,打造高效的教师培训体系。教育行政部门作为制度的制定者和实施者,应当主动放权,积极引导和监督专业团体管理教师资格定期注册工作。教师资格定期注册制度实际上是教师资格制度的一个分支,必须在完善教师资格制度的背景下才能起到应有作用,同时,提高教师待遇、保护教师权益能够为顺利定期注册制度保驾护航。
[Abstract]:Teachers are the main body of teaching, and bear the responsibility of teaching and educating people. The quality of teachers directly determines the quality of education. The system of teacher qualification is the system most closely related to the profession of teachers. In the early days of the founding of our country, the political situation is stable, the education cause needs to be revitalized, and the biggest problem in the construction of the teaching team is the shortage of teachers. The main purpose of implementing the teacher policy is to train enough teachers as soon as possible to meet the rapid growth of the number of schools and the number of students. Under the influence of the social environment at that time, political quality has become the main content of teacher education. Even in some special period has become the only condition to obtain the qualifications of teachers. After entering the period of social transformation, the number of teachers is becoming more and more saturated, and the system of teacher qualifications is gradually developing towards the direction of high standards and standardization. Teacher qualification certificate system is the basic system for the development of teacher specialization in our country and an important guarantee for the quality of teachers. However, the teacher qualification system does not stipulate the validity period of teacher qualification certificate. So long as does not violate the teacher morals and the teacher style stipulation, the teacher qualification certificate will be valid for life, may walk to the teacher post at any time, this kind of system has revealed some malpractice in the elementary education continuous development process. August 2013. The Ministry of Education has issued the interim measures for the regular Registration of Primary and Secondary School Teachers' qualifications, which for the first time broke the "iron rice bowl" of teachers in the system. The goal of implementing this system is to promote the continuous improvement of the quality of teachers. However, the system itself still has defects. The teacher's career will last for 30 to 40 years. The teachers have different teaching ability, mental state and enthusiasm for work in different age groups. The implementation of teacher qualification every five years registration, the promotion of teacher professional growth is limited. China's urban-rural dual system is obvious, the education development level gap between the eastern, central and western regions is significant. The implementation of a consistent standard of regular registration throughout the country is not conducive to the stability of the ranks of teachers in backward areas. The education administrative departments' extensive undertaking of teacher qualification registration may lead to the inefficiency of teacher training and the lack of strict registration supervision. In the process of implementing the renewal system of teacher qualification certificate, the developed countries are in the process of implementing teacher qualification certificate renewal system. We attach great importance to the role of professional organizations and introduce teacher continuing education and teacher qualification certificate grading system into teacher qualification registration on a regular basis, which can encourage teachers to participate in learning enthusiasm. It can also relieve the pressure of the competent departments and teachers. In our country, the regular registration system of teachers' qualifications should be based on the rules of teachers' professional career development and adopt the "gradual" registration time. In each registration, different assessment system is adopted according to the teachers' different development level. The registration content takes classroom teaching as the core, lightens the teacher's pressure. The teacher training should take the teacher's demand as the starting point. To promote training courses to the market, multiple choices, to create an efficient teacher training system. The educational administration, as the system makers and implementers, should take the initiative to delegate power. Actively guide and supervise professional organizations to manage the regular registration of teacher qualifications. The system of teacher qualification registration is actually a branch of teacher qualification system. Only under the background of perfecting teacher qualification system can we play its due role. At the same time, improving the treatment of teachers and protecting teachers' rights and interests can guarantee the smooth and regular registration system.
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G635.1
，

本文编号：1468537