我国高考改革的价值取向变迁与理性选择——基于40年高考招生政策文本分析的视角

发布时间：2018-01-31 05:05

本文关键词： 高考改革价值取向政策文本　出处：《教育研究》2017年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：恢复高考40年来,我国高考改革的价值取向变迁体现在:选拔标准从知识本位走向能力本位,重视全面发展;考试科目从零散、分科走向融合,强调能力立意;考试方式从单一走向多元,注重综合评价;招生录取从效率优先到更加注重公平,实施阳光工程;招生计划从质量优先走向综合考量,实施政策补偿。高考改革具有渐进性和连续性的特点,呈现出注重科学性、自主性、选择性和公平性的基本价值取向,经历了迂回曲折的发展过程。经济社会和教育发展宏观环境的变化,各利益相关者不断增加与分化的利益诉求,对高考招生制度的科学性与公平性提出的变革需求,成为高考改革的动力机制。新一轮高考改革的价值选择,应遵循教育规律,回归高考基本功能;坚持与时俱进,平衡多元价值取向;加强科学决策,正确引导社会舆论。
[Abstract]:Since the restoration of the college entrance examination 40 years ago, the value orientation of the reform of college entrance examination in our country has changed as follows: the selection standard has changed from the knowledge standard to the ability standard and attached importance to the all-round development; Examination subjects from scattered, subdivision to integration, emphasizing the ability to determine; The examination mode moves from single to pluralistic, paying attention to comprehensive evaluation; Enrollment from efficiency priority to pay more attention to fairness, the implementation of sunshine project; The reform of college entrance examination has the characteristics of gradual and continuous, showing the basic value orientation of paying attention to science, autonomy, selectivity and fairness. After a tortuous process of development and changes in the macro environment of economic, social and educational development, the interests of various stakeholders have been increasing and diverging. The reform demand for the scientific nature and fairness of the college entrance examination enrollment system has become the motive mechanism of the college entrance examination reform. The value choice of the new round of college entrance examination reform should follow the educational law and return to the basic function of the college entrance examination. Insist on keeping pace with the times and balance the multi-value orientation; Strengthen scientific decision-making and correctly guide public opinion.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学教育学部;中国教育学会;北京师范大学教育学部高等教育研究所;
【基金】：教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目“高考改革试点方案跟踪与评估研究”(项目编号:14JZD043)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：G632.474
【正文快照】： 钟秉林王新凤自1977年中共中央、国务院作出恢复高考的重大决定以来,教育部(国家教育委员会)几乎每年都会发布关于做好普通高等学校招生工作的政策文件,对高考招生工作进行部署。1981年、1983—1986年、2000—2017年度全国普通高校招生录取工作的通知都随文颁布了当年的普通高

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