知识结构图对高中生物理学习能力的影响研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 08:50

本文关键词： 知识结构图物理学习能力物理解决问题高中生　出处：《洛阳师范学院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高中物理知识结构图是一种把高中物理学科的基本原理、基本概念和基本知识的内在关系进行系统组织，优化组合教学内容，，启发帮助学生学习的图表。知识结构图有利于学生理解物理基础知识，把握物理知识点之间的内在联系和区别，同时学生解决物理问题的能力也得到了提升。它符合我国新课程提出的培养学生创新能力的基本理念。本论文利用文献查询法，搜集整理了国内外关于知识结构图的相关理论，对知识结构图、概念图和思维导图作了辨析，对物理知识结构图给出了自己的定义。同时对物理知识结构图的教学意义和作用作了积极的探讨，对知识结构图法对学生物理知识学习的影响做出了实验研究。本论文以高中物理必修1第四章“牛顿第二定律”中的“力”、“加速度”等概念为研究对象,运用教育实验的方法，对高中生制作物理知识结构图对物理知识学习的影响进行了初步的研究与探讨。主要研究内容为：采用知识结构图复习教学与传统的普通复习教学对学生学习物理知识的能力有怎样的差异。本实验是在洛阳市第一高级中学进行，选取所在的实习班级高一（19）、（20）班为研究对象，并选择（19）班为对照班以传统的讲授法来进行复习教学、选择（20）班为实验班以制作物理知识结构图的教学方式进行复习教学，在实验前后采用洛阳市统一的期中和期末考试对两个班进行测量，并分别对前后测量的成绩进行SPSS统计和单因素方差分析。论文接着根据实验数据的结果分析得出初步结论，利用知识结构图对学生解决物理问题能力的提升确实有一定的正影响。
[Abstract]:The high school physics knowledge structure chart is a kind of systematic organization of the basic principles, basic concepts and the internal relations of the basic knowledge of the physics subject in the senior high school, and optimizes the teaching contents of the combination. Knowledge structure Chart is helpful for students to understand the basic knowledge of physics and to grasp the internal relations and differences between the points of knowledge in physics. At the same time, the students' ability to solve physics problems has also been improved, which accords with the basic idea of cultivating students' innovative ability put forward by the new curriculum in our country. This paper makes use of the literature inquiry method to collect and sort out the related theories of knowledge structure chart at home and abroad, and discriminates the knowledge structure map, concept map and thinking map. In this paper, the author gives his own definition of the physical knowledge structure diagram, discusses the teaching significance and function of the physical knowledge structure diagram, and makes an experimental study on the effect of the knowledge structure chart method on the students' physical knowledge learning. In this paper, the concepts of "force" and "acceleration" in "Newton's second Law", which are compulsory in high school physics, are taken as the research object, and the method of educational experiment is used. This paper makes a preliminary study and discussion on the effect of making physics knowledge structure chart in senior high school students on the learning of physics knowledge. The main contents of the research are as follows: using knowledge structure chart review teaching and traditional general review teaching to students' learning materials. This experiment was conducted in Luoyang No. 1 Senior Middle School. In this paper, we choose our practice class as the object of study, the control class as the control class, the traditional teaching method, and the experimental class as the experimental class to make the physical knowledge structure chart. The class is selected as the control class to review the teaching method, and the experimental class is chosen as the experimental class to make the physical knowledge structure chart for the review teaching. Before and after the experiment, the two classes were measured by the unified mid-term and final exams of Luoyang City, and the results measured before and after the experiment were analyzed by SPSS statistics and single factor analysis of variance respectively. Then, according to the results of the experiment, a preliminary conclusion was drawn. The use of knowledge structure diagrams does have a positive impact on the improvement of students' ability to solve physical problems.
【学位授予单位】：洛阳师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.7

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