情境创设在高中力学概念教学中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 11:16

本文选题：情境创设　切入点：高中力学概念　出处：《宁夏大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：力学概念是高中物理课程的支柱,也是物理学的基础。受应试教育的影响,中学物理教师未能充分重视学生的智能发展水平和认知规律,在教学过程中急于呈现概念的内容,把大量的时间、精力投入在习题讲解中。这种急于求成的教学方式只能在学生脑海里留下抽象的定义,不能使他们真正的理解、内化概念而达到学以致用的目的。由于高中力学概念来源于生活、实验,如何通过创设情境让学生在参与、体验、经历的过程中习得概念,并且掌握形成物理概念所必备的科学方法、科学精神,是本文研究的主题。本论文通过问卷调查法和课堂观察法了解了情境创设方法在高中力学概念教学中的应用现状和存在问题,用文献研究法梳理了国内外关于情境创设和物理概念教学的理论研究现状；在此基础上,界定了与情境创设和物理概念教学相关的概念；明确了情境创设教学方法的目标性、主体性、真实性、科学性、启发性、整体性等应用原则；根据呈现形式将高中力学概念教学中的情境分为生活情境、故事情境、实验情境、问题情境、模拟情境等类型；最后,依据高中生现有的认知水平和实践经验,针对高中力学概念教学的引入、建立和应用三大环节,制定了激发兴趣、诱发认知冲突、符合学生心智、运用多媒体和寓教于乐的教学策略；针对定性和定量两类高中力学概念编制了三个典型的教学范例。
[Abstract]:The mechanical concept is the pillar of the physics curriculum in senior high school, and also is the foundation of physics. The influence of exam oriented education, middle school physics teachers failed to fully pay attention to the students' intelligence level and cognitive rules in the teaching process to show the concept of content, put a lot of time and effort in exercises to explain. This teaching method can only leave anxious abstract the definition of students in mind, so that they cannot really understand, internalize concept and so forth. Due to the high school mechanics concept originates from the life, experiment, how to create the environment for students in participation, experience, experience in the process of learning concept, and grasp the scientific method, the formation of physical concepts necessary for science the spirit is the theme of this study. This thesis is to understand the situation creation method in high school mechanics concept teaching through questionnaires and classroom observation The application status and existing problems, using the literature research method combing at home and abroad on the situation and the physical concept teaching theory research status; on this basis, the definition and situational creation and physical concept teaching related concept; clear goals, situational teaching method of subjectivity, authenticity, scientificity, inspiration the application of principle of integrity; according to the situation presented in the form of mechanical concepts in senior middle school teaching situation is divided into life situation, story, experiment situation, problems, and other types of simulation; finally, on the basis of the existing high school students cognitive level and practical experience, the introduction of high school mechanics concept teaching, the establishment and application of three link, to stimulate interest in the development of the cause of cognitive conflict, with the mind of students, using multimedia and entertaining teaching strategies; the qualitative and quantitative of two kinds of high school mechanics concept compilation Three typical examples of teaching.

【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.7

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