高一力学问题的图形表征研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 07:24

本文选题：认知心理学　切入点：力学问题　出处：《云南师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：图形表征是指问题表征在头脑中的信息通过照片、图像、示意图等形式表现出来。图形表征相对文字表征更加形象直观和信息丰富。图形表征与视觉理论、信息加工理论和思维理论等密切相关。高一力学问题的图形表征就是运用图形表征方式解决抽象的力学问题,图形表征为解决高一力学问题提供了一种更有效的思维方式。图形表征是形成物理概念与规律的重要途径,也是解决物理问题的重要思维方式。物理处理技能与学习能力会影响对物理问题的图形表征。图形表征在经典力学、相对论力学、量子力学建立过程中起着重要的作用。图形表征在高一力学中的表现形式主要有示意图和函数图像。示意图通过图片或线条简洁明了的展示研究对象(如实验装置、运动状态、运动过程)视觉形象;通过函数图像的几何特性(如点、线、截距、斜率、面积等)清楚展现物理量之间的关系或物体的运动规律。图形表征在解决高一力学问题中的应用主要体现在:图形表征有助于力学概念与规律的记忆科学化,实现理解性记忆;图形表征有助于力学问题直观化主要包括实物图转换成物理图、立体图转化成平面图、图形面积应用、函数图像应用、动态过程定格等方面;图形表征有助于解题思路明晰化主要体现为图构建几何关系、以图判断作用力、动态变化定格、以图形呈现物理过程等方面;图形表征有助于解题过程简单化。
[Abstract]:Graphic representation means that the information in the mind of problem representation is expressed in the form of photographs, images, schematics, etc. Graphic representation is more visual and informative than literal representation. The theory of information processing is closely related to the theory of thinking. The graphical representation of mechanical problems in Senior one is to solve abstract mechanical problems by means of graphic representation. Graphic representation provides a more effective way of thinking for solving mechanical problems in senior one. Graphic representation is an important way to form physical concepts and laws. It is also an important way of thinking to solve physical problems. Physical processing skills and learning ability will affect the graphical representation of physical problems. Graphical representation in classical mechanics, relativistic mechanics, Quantum mechanics plays an important role in the establishment of quantum mechanics. Graphical representation in high school mechanics mainly consists of schematics and functional images. Schematic diagrams show the objects of study (such as experimental devices, moving states, etc.) through pictures or lines. Visual image through the function image (such as point, line, intercept, slope, etc.). The application of graphic representation in solving the mechanical problems of high school students is mainly reflected in: graphic representation is helpful to the scientific memory of mechanical concepts and laws, and the realization of comprehensible memory; Graphic representation is helpful to the visualization of mechanical problems, including the conversion of physical drawings into physical drawings, the transformation of stereoscopic drawings into plane maps, the application of graphic area, the application of function images, the determination of dynamic processes, and so on. The graphic representation is helpful to solve the problem idea clarity mainly manifests as the graph constructs the geometry relation, judges the action force, the dynamic change to freeze, presents the physical process with the graph and so on; the graph representation is helpful to solve the problem the process simplification and so on.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.7

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