新课程标准下初中美术教材的比较研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 08:02

本文选题：美术教材　切入点：分析比较　出处：《陕西师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：教材是课程内容的重要载体,是连接教师教学和学生学习的主要媒介,在基础教育课程改革中占有重要地位。2011年国家教育部门颁布了修订后的《义务教育美术课程标准》(2011年版),这次修订是在2001年颁布的《全日制义务教育美术课程标准(实验稿)》的基础上进行的,是对其的补充和完善。在此基础上,2012年初全国有十余套新版初中美术教材陆续出版发行。本文选取2012年,经全国中小学教材审定委员会审定通过的人民美术版、人民教育版、湖南美术版、浙江人民美术版、河北美术版、江西美术版、岭南美术版、山东教育版、江苏少年儿童版,共九套初中美术教材进行比较研究。论文主要从教材的体系结构、内容编选、插图、栏目设置、知识个案五个方面对教材进行比较。通过对九套教材多维度的比较研究,归纳总结各套教材编写的共性及差异,现行教材存在的问题,未来我国美术教材编写和发展的新趋向等。通过比较,旨在解决我国基础教育改革中出现的教材繁多,每套教材有自己的特点,但是没有从教育改革的实际情况对教科书提出一些指导性的编写建议等实际问题。通过比较研究发现：(1)体系结构方面：各套教材都在不同程度上体现了以学生为本的思想。体系结构组织灵活多样,但也存在着差异,如：各版教材前置结构和后置结构的科学性和完整性不同；主体结构的严谨性和系统性不同；同一知识点在教材中编排结构不同等。(2)内容编选方面：各版教材内容贴近学生生活,注重内容的基础性和实用性；注重学习方式的转变,凸显生本意识；注重创新精神和综合实践能力培养；注重学科的知识与技能,体现过程与方法；注重弘扬优秀民族文化、体现中国特色,同时也注重世界文化的多样性。差异性体现在：各版教材内容编写侧重点不同；内容的可操作性不同；与其他学科联系方式不同；内容的探究性与启发性不同等。(3)栏目设置方面：各版教材的栏目设置都体现了课程标准对教材编写的要求；问题设计注重贴近学生生活,注重对学生探究性思维和创意思维的培养；各版教材都很重视实践练习部分内容,内容设计体现了新课改精神。差异性体现在：栏目设置的完整性和引导性不同；问题设计的数量和结构层次不同；问题的探究性与启发性不同；各版本教材实践练习的容量不同；评价方式不同、侧重点、以及评价的详细程度不同等。(4)插图方面：各套教材总体上都注重对插图的使用,但各种类型插图使用的数量和比例不同；封面插图和目录插图的设计不同；插图的排版及色彩配置不同等。(5)知识个案方面：各版教材编选有很多相同内容,在课题的分布方面大部分教材都能按照学生的认知水平循序渐进编排内容。差异性体现在：对知识点的引入方式不同；课文穿插的内容不同；内容可操作与趣味性等各不相同。通过对九套教材的分析比较,依据义务教育美术课程标准的精神,对我国现行九套初中美术教材的继续完善提出了一些建议：(1)根据现代教材观,科学规划教材的体系结构；(2)增强教材内容的探究性与启发性；(3)以学生自主学习为基点,完善和调整教材的栏目设置；(4)按照新课程标准编写教材,科学定位各学习领域的角色地位；(5)视觉文化时代下的美术教材编写建议；
[Abstract]:The textbook is an important carrier of the curriculum, is the main media to connect teaching and learning, plays an important role in.2011 State Department of education in the basic education curriculum reform of compulsory education "issued standard of art curriculum revised" (2011 Edition), the amendment was enacted in 2001 the "Full-time Compulsory Education Art curriculum standard (experiment draft) for > basis, is to supplement and perfect it. On this basis, at the beginning of 2012 national ten new edition junior high school art textbooks published one after another. This paper selected in 2012 by the national primary and secondary school textbooks approved by the Committee of the people's fine arts, People Education Edition, Hunan Art Edition, Zhejiang people's Fine Arts Edition, Hebei Art Edition, Jiangxi Art Edition, south of the Five Ridges Art Education Edition, Shandong edition, Jiangsu children's edition, a total of nine sets of junior high school art textbooks comparative study. This paper mainly from the textbook The system structure, content selection, illustrations, columns, compared to the five aspects of knowledge teaching case. Through the comparative study of the nine sets of teaching materials with multi dimensions, summarized similarities and differences summary of various sets of teaching materials, the problem existing in the current textbooks, the future of China's fine arts teaching materials and the development of the new trend. By comparison, to solve China's basic education reform in teaching material is various, each material has its own characteristics, but did not put forward some instructive suggestions on textbook compilation and other practical problems from the actual situation of the education reform. Through the comparative study found that: (1) architecture: each set of teaching materials in different degrees on the student-centered idea. The structure is flexible, but there are also differences, such as different versions pre and post structure structure scientific and integrity; the main structure Rigorous and systematic; the same knowledge arrangement in the textbook structure is different. (2) edited content: the textbooks content close to the student life, pay attention to the content and practical; pay attention to the transformation of learning style, highlighting the students consciousness; cultivate the spirit of innovation and practical ability; pay attention to knowledge and skills of subject, process and method; pay attention to carry forward the excellent national culture, embodies the China characteristics, but also pay attention to the cultural diversity of the world. The differences reflected in the textbooks written content is different; operation of the different is different from other disciplines; contact; the content of inquiry and inspiration different. (3) columns: the textbooks columns are reflected in the curriculum standards of textbook compilation requirements; design focus on close to the student life, pay attention to the students. The cultivation of thinking and creative thinking; the textbooks have paid great attention to practice part, content design embodies the spirit of the new curriculum reform. The differences reflected in the columns of the integrity and guidance of different quantity and structure; design different levels; inquiry and Inspiration of the practice; practice the capacity of different versions of textbooks; evaluation of different ways, with emphasis, and the degree of evaluation is different. (4) illustrated: in each set of textbooks generally focus on the use of illustrations, but the number of various types of illustrations and the use of different proportion; design the cover illustrations and directory illustrations of typography and illustrations are different; the different color configuration. (5): the case of knowledge edition textbooks have many of the same content, in the distribution of most textbooks to the students' cognitive level arranged in step by step . the differences reflected in different points of knowledge introduction; text interspersed with different content; content operation and interest of each are not identical. Based on the analysis of the nine sets of textbooks, on the basis of the compulsory education course standard of art spirit, to our country present nine sets of junior high school art textbooks continue to put forward some suggestions perfect: (1) according to the modern teaching concept, system structure of scientific planning materials; (2) inquiry and inspiration to enhance the teaching content; (3) to the students' autonomous learning as the starting point, set up to improve and adjust the teaching program; (4) according to the new curriculum standard textbooks, the role of scientific orientation field of study; (5) suggested writing in the era of visual culture art materials;

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.955

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