中英高中物理教学方法的比较研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 23:39

本文选题：物理教学方法　切入点：比较模型　出处：《陕西师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：教学方法是实现课程理念、课程目标的必要手段。我国于2003年颁布的物理新课程标准提出了新的课程理念与课程目标,注重学生科学素养及情感态度价值观的养成。传统的高中物理教学方法已无法满足新的课程理念与要求。虽然由于传统的教学方法,我国学生在OECD组织的PISA测试中数学能力、阅读能力、科学素养都排名第一,但科学创新能力却与欧美国家相去甚远,不利于我国今后科学技术的发展。而且新课程提倡探究式教学方法及实验法的应用,但我国绝大部分教师在实际教学中仍然采用传统的讲授式教学方法。因此对教学方法的改革势在必行,对比分析他国的教学方法对我国教学方法的改革具有一定的指导意义。本文选取了我国与英国高中物理的教学方法进行比较研究,总结了两国教学方法的异同,分析了各自的优缺点,并提出了相关的建议。全文主要分为五个部分进行论述：第一部分,对本研究的目的、意义、方法及国内外研究的现状进行综述。第二部分,对本研究的理论基础进行简单的介绍。第三部分,根据相关的理论,建立了物理教学方法的比较模型。在对教学方法影响因素的分析基础上,主要确定了三个大的比较层面,即国家层面、学校层面和教学层面,每个层面又有多个比较的方面。第四部分,根据建立的比较模型,对影响两国教学方法的因素进行全面的比较分析。即文中的第4章至第7章。第五部分,根据比较研究的结果,对我国的高中物理教学方法提出改进意见及方法。本文取得了以下结果：两国的教学方法类似,但各种教学方法的使用频率不同,我国重讲授练习,并且注重理论内容的学习；英国则重实验法、讨论法、探究式的教学方法,并且注重理论与实践的结合及实践技能的学习。两国的传统文化、教育制度、课程标准、学校时间安排、学生安排、课堂教学及教科书是造成这种差异的主要原因。
[Abstract]:The teaching method is the necessary means to realize the curriculum idea and the curriculum target. The new curriculum idea and the curriculum goal were put forward in the new physics new curriculum standard promulgated in our country in 2003. The traditional physics teaching method in senior high school can not meet the new curriculum idea and requirement. Although because of the traditional teaching method, our students' mathematics ability in the PISA test organized by OECD. Reading ability and scientific literacy rank first, but the ability of scientific innovation is far from that of European and American countries, which is not conducive to the development of science and technology in our country in the future. Moreover, the new curriculum advocates the application of inquiry teaching methods and experimental methods. However, most of the teachers in our country still adopt the traditional teaching method in the actual teaching. Therefore, it is imperative to reform the teaching method. The comparative analysis of the teaching methods of other countries has certain guiding significance for the reform of teaching methods in our country. This paper selects the teaching methods of senior high school physics in our country and Britain to carry on the comparative research, summarizes the similarities and differences of the teaching methods between the two countries. This paper analyzes their advantages and disadvantages, and puts forward relevant suggestions. The paper is divided into five parts: the first part, the purpose, significance, methods and the current situation of the research at home and abroad. In the third part, according to the relevant theories, the comparative model of physics teaching methods is established. On the basis of the analysis of the influencing factors of teaching methods, three major comparative levels are determined. That is, at the national level, at the school level and at the teaching level, there are multiple aspects of comparison at each level. Part IV, according to the established comparative model, This paper makes a comprehensive comparative analysis of the factors that affect the teaching methods of the two countries. That is, chapters 4 to 7. Part V, according to the results of the comparative study, In this paper, the following results are obtained: the teaching methods of the two countries are similar, but the frequency of use of various teaching methods is different, our country focuses on teaching practice, and pays attention to the study of theoretical content; Britain emphasizes the experimental method, the discussion method, the inquiry teaching method, and pays attention to the combination of theory and practice and the study of practical skill. The traditional culture, educational system, curriculum standard, school time arrangement, student arrangement of the two countries, Classroom teaching and textbooks are the main reasons for this difference.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.7

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