基于问题设计的学生问题意识的培养

发布时间：2018-04-20 13:30

本文选题：问题意识 + 问题设计　；参考：《鲁东大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：提出问题是创新的源泉，是学生有效学习的重要组成部分，是学生创造性解决问题的基础，同时也是教学活动的起点和归宿，这就要求学生具备问题意识。在这样的教育背景下，为培养学生的创造性，有意识地培养学生的问题意识就显得尤其重要。培养学生问题意识最直接、最有效的方法就是激发学生思维，让学生“思接千载，视通万里”，建立学习者勤于思考、善于思考，特别是独立思考的思维品质，教师对问题的设计直接影响学生的思维，通过良好的问题激发学生思维，培养学生问题意识。在课堂教学中师生交流的主要方式是提问，在初中数学课堂教学中师生常使用问题或问题链组织教学，问题的类型和质量决定是否有助于激发学生思维，也就决定是否有利于培养学生的问题意识。基于此本文主要进行如下研究：第一，整理和总结与问题类型、问题设计、问题意识相关的已有研究。第二，培养学生问题意识的理论基础。问题意识的培养主要在于激发学生思维，什么类型的问题能够激发学生的思维成为研究要点，，通过整理得出问题的设计包含建构性、人本性、最近发展区和再创造能够激发学生思维，培养学生的问题意识，以此理论为后面培养学生问题意识的策略研究提供支撑和指导。第三，利用量与质相结合的研究方法，分析公开课和日常课堂教学中教师问题设计对培养学生问题意识的状况，其中日常课堂教学中涵盖新授课和习题课两种常见课型。量研究的是问题数量，分析整堂课教师各问题类型的数量；质针对的是课堂教学中的片段，以核心问题及其生成的子问题为研究对象，分析教师的核心问题设计及生成的子问题是否有利于培养学生的问题意识。第四，研究问题设计中学生问题意识的培养策略。以研究的理论基础为逻辑起点，以分析教师问题设计对学生问题意识培养的现状为依据，探究以问题设计来培养和发展学生问题意识的有效机制。通过建构性的问题设计、人本性的问题设计、最近发展区的问题设计、再创造的问题设计来培养学生的问题意识。
[Abstract]:The problem is the source of innovation, an important part of the students' effective learning, the foundation for the students to solve the problem creatively, and the starting point and destination of the teaching activities. This requires the students to have the problem consciousness. In this educational background, it appears that the students' creativity and consciousness of the students' problem consciousness are consciously cultivated. It is especially important. The most direct and effective way to cultivate students' problem consciousness is to stimulate students' thinking, let students "think about thousands of loads, see through thousands of miles", set up the thinking quality of the learner, think well, especially independent thinking. The design of the teacher directly affects the thinking of the students and stimulates the students' thinking through good problems. Dimension, cultivate student's problem consciousness.
In the classroom teaching, the main way to communicate between teachers and students is to ask questions. In the middle school mathematics classroom teaching, teachers and students often use problems or chain of problems to organize teaching. The type and quality of the problem determines whether it helps to stimulate students' thinking, and determines whether it is conducive to the cultivation of students' problem consciousness. Based on this paper, the main research is as follows:
First, sort out and summarize existing studies related to problem types, problem design, and problem awareness.
Second, to cultivate the theoretical basis of students' problem consciousness. The cultivation of problem consciousness mainly lies in stimulating students' thinking. What types of problems can stimulate students' thinking to become the main points of research; through sorting out the problems are designed to include constructivism, human nature, the recent development zone and re creation can stimulate students' thinking and cultivate students' problems. Consciousness, this theory provides support and guidance for Strategy Research on cultivating students' problem consciousness later.
Third, using the method of combining quantity and quality, this paper analyzes the situation of teacher problem design in public class and daily classroom teaching to train students' problem consciousness. In the daily classroom teaching, it covers two kinds of common classes of new teaching and exercise class. It is the segment in the classroom teaching, which takes the core issue and the subproblems generated as the research object, and analyzes whether the problem of the design and generation of the core questions of the teacher is conducive to the cultivation of students' problem consciousness.
Fourth, study the problem design of the middle school students' problem consciousness training strategy. Based on the theoretical basis of the research, this paper analyzes the current situation of teacher problem design for students' problem consciousness training, and explores the effective mechanism to train and develop students' problem consciousness by problem design. Through constructive problem design, human nature problem Design, design of the latest development area, and design of re creation to train students' sense of problem.

【学位授予单位】：鲁东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.6

【参考文献】