新人教版初高中生物学教科书的衔接研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 06:39

本文选题：初高中生物学 + 课程标准　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：引起初高中生物教学衔接问题的原因有很多,其中就包括课程标准和生物学教科书。对课程标准和生物学教科书展开衔接研究,有利于高中生物教师正确领会教科书编写者的意图并提出衔接教学建议。论文首先对初高中生物学课程标准进行比较分析,发现二者在课程性质、课程理念上是一致的,存在递进和衔接关系。课程设计思路重视学生的发展和社会的需求。课程目标的设定具有较好的衔接性,高中目标是对初中目标的深化和提高。课程内容上相同的内容数量不多,呈互补关系。教科书编写建议强调通过安排学生活动来培养学生的能力,高中明确指出探究活动是教科书内容的重要组成部分。然后用对比分析法比较新人教版初高中生物学教科书的内容,主要从以下5个方面进行了比较:(1)编写体例:有高度的相似性和衔接性,有利于学生自主阅读。(2)知识内容:相同的内容数量不多,实现了知识互补,初中知识为高中学习进行了铺垫,有较好的衔接点。(3)图像系统:插图数量充足,有利于学生的理解与学习,但有些插图内容不完全统一,还有一些重复的插图。(4)作业系统:题量、题型设置有梯度,衔接较好,但习题的落实和评价还存在问题。(5)实验活动:实验类型衔接很好,初中介绍了很多科学方法、实验方法,高中提高了探究性、操作性实验的比例。但有些实验的实施存在实际困难。因此建议国家制定课程标准时应充分考虑教育国情、各个学校的教学条件,使课程标准能更好地指导教科书的编写,使教师和学生更好地落实课程目标。教科书的编写要充分考虑可行性、操作性,图像系统要加强原创性,减少重复性。习题落实情况和评价要有可控性。实验活动的设计要加强可实施性。
[Abstract]:There are many reasons for the convergence of biology teaching in middle and high schools, including curriculum standards and biology textbooks. It is helpful for senior high school biology teachers to correctly understand the intention of textbook writers and put forward some suggestions for linking teaching. Firstly, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the curriculum standards of junior high school biology, and finds that they are consistent in the nature and concept of curriculum, and there is a progressive and cohesive relationship between them. The course design thought pays attention to the student's development and the social demand. The setting of curriculum goals has a good connection, and the high school goal is to deepen and improve the junior high school goals. The amount of the same content is not much, and it is complementary. The textbook preparation proposal emphasizes the training of students' ability by arranging students' activities, and the high school clearly points out that inquiry activity is an important part of the textbook content. Then we compare the contents of junior high school biology textbooks with comparative analysis, mainly from the following five aspects: there is a high degree of similarity and cohesion. The same content is not much, and the knowledge complement is realized. The junior middle school knowledge paves the way for the senior middle school learning, and has a better connection point. 3) Image system: the number of illustrations is sufficient, It is good for students to understand and study, but some illustrations are not completely unified, and others are duplicated illustrations. But there are still some problems in the implementation and evaluation of the exercises: the experiment types are well connected, the junior middle school introduces a lot of scientific methods, experimental methods, and high school improve the proportion of exploratory and operational experiments. But there are some practical difficulties in the implementation of some experiments. Therefore, it is suggested that the national curriculum standard should take into account the national conditions of education and the teaching conditions of each school, so that the curriculum standard can better guide the compilation of textbooks and enable teachers and students to implement the curriculum objectives better. The compilation of textbooks should take full account of feasibility, maneuverability, and image system should strengthen originality and reduce reproducibility. Exercise implementation and evaluation should be controllable. The design of experimental activities should be more implementable.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.91

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