高中概率单元教学设计

发布时间：2018-06-05 13:39

本文选题：随机现象 + 概率　；参考：《天水师范学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：概率是研究随机现象规律的科学,与人们的日常生活和社会的发展紧密联系,并在现实生活中广泛应用。教育研究者将其作为公民应具备的基本常识写入新课程标准中,使其成为高考的重点内容。研究者和一线教师也越来越关注概率的教学和设计的问题。本研究重点关注如何更好的帮助学生理解概率中的随机思想,建立随机观念,从而理解概率的意义。本研究从单元的角度出发,对高中教材中涉及到的概率知识进行整体把握,开展多方面的理论分析,具体说明如下。内容分析:概率内容以随机思想为主线,重点阐述几种重要的数学模型如古典概型等,涉及简单的概率计算;标准分析:通过对《课标》中概率部分教学要求的分析,明确概率的教学方式是以试验和实例分析为主,注重实际问题的解决;学生分析:研究搜集大量实例,重点说明概率教学应充分考虑学生的认知发展水平和兴趣爱好;重点分析:突出以随机思想的培养、随机观念的建立、概率意义的理解以及运用模型进行简单概率计算为重点的教学设计思路;教材对此分析:研究对人教版和北师版教材进行对比分析,明确概率知识的不同处理方向和水平,为教学设计拓宽思路。根据上述具体分析,以单元整体为主导设计思想,研究给出古典概型、二项分布和高考概率(3)的教学设计,为单元教学设计作出实例。
[Abstract]:Probability is a science that studies the law of random phenomena, which is closely related to people's daily life and the development of society, and is widely used in real life. Educational researchers write it into the new curriculum standard as the basic common sense that citizens should possess, and make it the key content of college entrance examination. Researchers and teachers also pay more and more attention to the teaching and design of probability. This study focuses on how to better help students understand the random ideas in probability and establish random concepts to understand the meaning of probability. From the perspective of unit, this study makes a holistic grasp of the probability knowledge involved in high school textbooks, and carries out theoretical analysis in many aspects, including the following. Content Analysis: the content of probability is based on the idea of randomness, focusing on several important mathematical models, such as classical probability model, which involve simple probability calculation, and standard analysis: through the analysis of the teaching requirements of probability part in Curriculum Standard, It is clear that the teaching method of probability is based on experiment and case analysis, paying attention to the solution of practical problems, students' analysis: the study collects a large number of examples, the emphasis is to show that probability teaching should fully consider the level of students' cognitive development and interests and hobbies; Emphasis on analysis: focusing on the cultivation of random ideas, the establishment of random ideas, the understanding of the meaning of probability and the teaching design thinking of using the model to calculate the simple probability; The analysis of the teaching materials: this paper makes a comparative analysis on the teaching materials of the people's Education Edition and the Northern normal School Edition, and clarifies the different processing directions and levels of the probability knowledge, and broadens the thinking for the teaching design. According to the above concrete analysis, the teaching design of classical probability type, binomial distribution and the probability of college entrance examination is given, taking the whole unit as the leading design idea, and an example is given for the unit teaching design.
【学位授予单位】：天水师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.6

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