高二学生原电池学习认知现状测查与分析

发布时间：2018-06-12 10:40

本文选题：原电池 + 化学能与电能　；参考：《安徽师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：原电池是高中化学学习过程中十分重要的组成部分,在必修和选修部分均有所涉及,选修部分的内容相对较为抽象晦涩,学生在学习过程中相对较为困难。本文通过编制并发放调查问卷对三所普通高中部分学生的原电池认知测查,统计分析得出高二学生在进行选修部分原电池学习时,经常会出现电极判断错误、现象描述不清晰、电流形成原因产生误解或不解、电极反应表示困难等现象。除原电池本身内容过于抽象外,产生上述现象的主要原因还有学生抽象思维能力的欠缺、学习方法的不当或教师教学方法的单一。针对以上存在的现状和原因,提出通过设置认知冲突,运用手持技术的方法引导学生学习原电池的对策,帮助学生建构科学的原电池认知结构,认识到原电池反应的本质是将氧化还原反应划分为在两个电极完成的半反应,由于两电极的电压不同,使导线内有电子流过,溶液中有阴阳离子定向移动而形成闭合回路,最终将化学能转化电能。并开发了一个具有实际操作性的教学案例,经过实践研究证明,此案例可获得较好的教学效果。
[Abstract]:The primary battery is a very important part of the high school chemistry learning process. It is involved in both compulsory and elective parts. The contents of the selected parts are relatively abstract and obscure. The students are relatively difficult to learn in the process of learning. This paper makes a survey on the primary battery cognition of three senior high school students by compiling and issuing questionnaires. The analysis shows that when the senior secondary school students are learning the primary battery, they often appear the errors of the electrode judgment, the phenomenon is not clear, the cause of the current formation is misunderstood or insoluble, the electrode reaction is difficult to express. The main reasons for the phenomenon are the students' abstract thinking ability except the original battery itself is too abstract. The lack of the learning method or the single teaching method of teachers. Aiming at the present situation and reasons, this paper puts forward the Countermeasures of guiding students to learn the original battery by setting cognitive conflicts and using hand-held technology to help students construct the scientific primary battery cognitive structure and realize that the essence of the battery reaction is redox reaction. It should be divided into a semi reaction at two electrodes. Because the voltage of the two electrode is different, the electrons flow through the wire, and the Yin and yang ions are moved in the solution to form a closed loop. Finally, the chemical energy is converted to the electric energy. A practical teaching case is developed. The case is proved to be better after the practice. The effect of teaching.
【学位授予单位】：安徽师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.8

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