基于SOLO分类理论的高考地理试卷能力结构研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 04:38

本文选题：高考 + 地理　；参考：《延边大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,国内外学者采用SOLO分类理论对各学科高考试题进行评价研究,已取得颇具价值的研究成果。通过文献整理发现：这些研究有的关注开放性试题的评价；有的关注将SOLO分类理论应用到对封闭性试题的设计。然而对试题本身所体现出的能力立意的考察研究仍然停留在“以能力立意为核心”、“体现能力立意”这类相对模糊的表述上。本文采用SOLO分类理论对地理高考试题进行评价研究,以2010年—2014年的课标全国卷、山东卷、北京卷三套高考试卷为研究对象,将地理高考试题分为4个层次：单点结构水平(U)、多点结构水平(M)、关联结构水平(R)和抽象扩展结构水平(E)。发现不同年份、不同省份地理高考试题所体现的能力结构特点,并总结其变化规律,以期正确反映出学生回答问题时的思维过程和思维的操作水平,能力具体化,为地理教师在选择教学内容及教学方法上提供指导和参考,促地理课程改革和地理教学的发展,为地理高考改革和命题者提供理论借鉴。研究中发现：依据彼格斯的SOLO分类理论对高考地理试卷进行能力结构划分符合《普通高中地理课程标准(实验)》以及高考大纲的相关要求,具有一定的科学性；纵向比较研究表明,2010--2014年新课程高考实施以来,三省区试卷结构皆以关联结构水平试题为主体,多点结构水平次之；横向比较研究表明,新课程实施以来,课标卷对关联结构水平试题调整幅度最大,山东卷和北京卷则重点调整多点结构水平试题。依据上述结论,笔者提出相关建议：SOLO分类理论划分地理试卷能力结构有一定的科学性,从而反映出高考重点考察的地理思维。依据地理试卷SOLO能力结构,设置教学目标、选择教学方法以及培养学生的地理思维,为一线教师的实际教学提供理论支持和实际操作方法。
[Abstract]:In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have applied Solo classification theory to evaluate and study the examination questions of various subjects in college entrance examination, and have obtained valuable research results. Through literature review, it is found that some of these studies focus on the evaluation of open test questions, and some pay attention to the application of Solo classification theory to the design of closed test questions. However, the study of the ability intention embodied in the test question itself is still confined to the relatively vague expressions of "taking the ability idea as the core" and "embodying the ability intention". In this paper, Solo classification theory is used to evaluate and study the geography college entrance examination questions, and three sets of college entrance examination papers, including the national scale, Shandong volume and Beijing test paper from 2010 to 2014, are taken as the research objects. The paper divides the examination questions into four levels: single point structure level, multi-point structure level, correlation structure level and abstract extended structure level. This paper finds out the characteristics of the ability structure in different years and provinces, and sums up its changing law, in order to correctly reflect the thinking process and thinking operation level of the students when answering the questions, and the ability is concretized. It provides guidance and reference for geography teachers in choosing teaching contents and teaching methods, promotes the development of geography curriculum reform and geography teaching, and provides theoretical reference for geography college entrance examination reform and propositions. It is found that: according to Peters' Solo classification theory, the ability structure of the college entrance examination paper can meet the requirements of the "General Senior High School Geography Curriculum Standard (experiment)" and the college entrance examination outline, and it is scientific to a certain extent; The longitudinal comparative study shows that since the implementation of the new curriculum entrance examination in 2010-2014, the structure of the examination papers in the three provinces and autonomous regions has been dominated by the related structure level test questions, followed by the multi-point structure level, and the horizontal comparative study shows that since the implementation of the new curriculum, The adjustment range of the related structure test questions is the largest in the course marks, while the Shandong volume and the Beijing volume focus on the adjustment of the multi-point structural level test questions. According to the above conclusions, the author puts forward some relevant suggestions on the classification of the ability structure of geographical examination papers by using the theory of "1: Solo", which reflects the geographical thinking of the key inspection of the college entrance examination. According to the structure of Solo ability in geography examination paper, the author sets teaching objectives, selects teaching methods and develops students' geographical thinking, which provides theoretical support and practical operation methods for practical teaching of first-line teachers.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.55

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