高等数学与初等数学衔接问题的研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 14:13

本文选题：初等数学 + 高等数学　；参考：《河南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：数学产生于人类生产的需要,随着数学的不断发展,数学已经融入人类生活的各个方面。数学教育从幼儿园开始贯穿于科学教育的每一个阶段,然而各个阶段之间又是紧密联系,相互作用的。各个阶段的衔接问题是一个非常重要的问题,尤其是高中数学与大学数学之间的衔接问题。随着新一轮基础教育的改革,高中实行了新课程标准,许多原本是大学教学的内容放进了高中教材讲授。但是由于教育资源的限制,大学教育改革的步伐始终没能跟上基础教育改革。于是造成高中数学与大学数学在教学内容,教学方法及学习方法上存在严重的重复和脱节现象。作为一名即将从事中学教育的教育工作者,有义务在新一轮课程改革的背景下,深入分析高中数学和大学数学衔接不当之处,提出顺利衔接的建议。本文以青少年认知发展阶段的理论,建构主义理论及最近发展区理论为基础,在充分了解学生个体,心理发展水平的前提下,首先对数学发展的几个阶段进行了理论陈述,比较分析了中学数学和高等数学在研究对象,研究方法上的不同之处,认为高中数学太注重技能的训练,而忽略了数学思想方法的讲解,为此提出应在高中数学教学中,渗透数学思想方法及实行高观点下中学数学教学的措施。之后,笔者又分析了导致高中数学与大学数学衔接不当的另一主要原因,即:大学新生入学之后普遍存在不适应性。笔者,在认真查阅资料之后,得到了大学新生不适应的主要原因,及缓解不适应问题的措施。最后,笔者在认真比对高中教材及大学低年级数学教材后,得出,高中数学和大学数学在教学内容上也存在着脱节及重复的现象。脱节即为,新课改后,高中课本中删掉,但是大学也不学的内容,对这一部分知识,大学教师应作为大学学习新知识的预备知识,集中一段时间给学生补授。重复即为,高中已讲,大学仍要讲的内容,对这部分内容则只需一笔带过。初等数学与高等数学是不可分割,相互统一的有机整体,只有做好初等数学和高等数学的良好衔接,才能更好的响应国家课改号召,实现培养创新型人才的伟大目标。
[Abstract]:Mathematics is produced in the needs of human production. With the continuous development of mathematics, mathematics has been integrated into all aspects of human life. Mathematics education has run through every stage of science education from kindergarten. However, each stage is closely related and interacting. The problem of cohesion at various stages is a very important issue. In particular, the link between high school mathematics and university mathematics. With the reform of the new round of basic education, high school has implemented the new curriculum standard, and many of the original university teaching contents have been put into the teaching of high school teaching materials. However, due to the restriction of educational resources, the reform of the reform of the university education has not been able to keep up with the reform of basic education. High school mathematics and college mathematics have serious duplication and disconnection in teaching content, teaching methods and learning methods. As an educator who is about to be engaged in middle school education, it is obligated to analyze the improper link between mathematics and College Mathematics in the background of a new round of curriculum reform and put forward the suggestion of smooth connection. On the basis of the theory of adolescent cognitive development, the theory of constructivism and the theory of the recent development zone, on the premise of fully understanding the students' individual and the level of psychological development, this paper makes a theoretical statement of several stages of the development of mathematics, and compares and analyzes the differences in the research objects and methods of the mathematics and higher mathematics in the middle school. The point is that the high school mathematics pays much attention to the training of skill, and ignores the explanation of the mathematical thought method. Therefore, it is proposed that in the high school mathematics teaching, the methods of mathematical thought and the measures of high school mathematics teaching should be carried out in the high school. After the freshmen enrolled in college, the author, after careful examination of the data, got the main reasons for the inadaptability of the freshmen and the measures to alleviate the incompatibility. Finally, the author, after a serious comparison of the textbook of high school and the teaching materials of the lower grade of the University, concluded that high school mathematics and college mathematics also existed in the teaching content. It is a phenomenon of disjointing and repeating. That is, after the new class is changed, the high school textbook is deleted, but the university does not learn the content. For this part of knowledge, the university teachers should be prepared as the preparatory knowledge of the new knowledge of the University and concentrate on the students for a period of time. The repetition is that the high school has already said, the university still needs to speak, and only needs this part of the content. The first mathematics and higher mathematics are inseparable, the unity of the organic whole, only a good connection between the elementary mathematics and the higher mathematics, can better respond to the national curriculum reform call, to achieve the great goal of cultivating innovative talents.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.6;O13-4

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