基于实验教学法的高中化学三维目标的达成研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 12:54

本文选题：化学教学 + 三维目标　；参考：《青海师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：新一轮的基础教育课程改革实施已经有一段时间了,教师也在自身的教学实践中把新课改提出的各项要求努力落到实处,但是对于三个维度教学目标的落实,仍然存在一些比较突出的问题:有的教师不能很好的把握传统教学目标与三维目标之间的关系,对教学目标的理解不是很正确,层级概念不清楚,把课程目标错误地认为是课时目标,而把单元目标、学期目标忽略,并且在教学过程中,教师仍然过多地注重知识与技能目标的落实,缺少对过程与方法、情感态度价值观的关注;对三个维度的目标达成情况的检测方法过于单一,尤其对后二维目标的检测方法,没有比较权威的评价体系,不能很好地反映学生各方面的表现,只能单纯地从成绩的高低来评价学生,有点以偏概全。在目前已有的针对教学目标达成的研究中,大部分是理论研究,或者是仅从一个维度展开的实践研究,缺乏对教学三维目标达成情况的研究。作者采用文献法、问卷调查法、课堂观察法、实验研究等方法,通过调查在化学教学目标达成的过程中存在的问题,并依据高中化学课程标准,结合学习者的分析,根据选取的教学内容,选用不同的实验教学法,例如教师演示法、自主探究法及家庭小实验等方法,设计出基于实验教学法的化学教学设计并加以实施。经过五个月采用实验教学法的化学教学后,对三维目标的达成情况进行检测,并与采用传统教学法的对照班的教学效果进行对比分析,得出实验教学法能否更好地达成化学教学三维目标的结论。研究结果表明:实验教学法更能激发学生的化学学习兴趣、促使学生主动地学习,使学生切实掌握化学科学的基础知识和技能,深入理解物质的组成、结构、性质、变化之间的辩证关系;有助于学生形成化学概念,巩固化学知识,获得化学实验技能,培养实事求是、严肃认真的科学态度和科学方法;有助于学生检验和巩固化学基本概念和化学基础理论,有助于培养和发展学生的操作技能及观察能力、思维能力,使学生养成严谨的科学态度,从而激发学生的学习兴趣,调动学生的学习积极性,增强学生学习的自信心。
[Abstract]:A new round of basic education curriculum reform has been implemented for a period of time. Teachers have also made great efforts to fulfill the requirements of the new curriculum reform in their own teaching practice, but for the implementation of the three dimensions of teaching objectives, There are still some outstanding problems: some teachers can not grasp the relationship between traditional teaching objectives and three-dimensional goals, the understanding of teaching goals is not very correct, the concept of hierarchy is not clear. The course goal is wrongly regarded as the class time goal, while the unit goal and the term goal are ignored, and in the teaching process, the teacher still pays too much attention to the implementation of the knowledge and skill goal, and lacks the right process and method. Emotional attitude values concern; the three dimensions of goal achievement detection method is too single, especially for the latter two-dimensional target detection method, there is no more authoritative evaluation system, can not reflect the performance of all aspects of the students. Students can only be evaluated from the level of achievement, a little partial. At present, most of the existing researches on the achievement of teaching objectives are theoretical studies or practical studies carried out from one dimension, but lack of research on the achievement of teaching three-dimensional goals. The author adopts the methods of literature, questionnaire, classroom observation and experimental research to investigate the problems existing in the process of reaching the goal of chemistry teaching, and according to the chemistry curriculum standard of senior high school, combined with the analysis of learners. According to the selected teaching contents, different experimental teaching methods, such as teacher demonstration method, self-inquiry method and small family experiment method, are used to design and implement the chemistry teaching design based on the experimental teaching method. After five months of chemical teaching with experimental teaching method, the achievement of three-dimensional goal was tested and compared with that of the control class with traditional teaching method. The conclusion is that whether the experimental teaching method can better achieve the three-dimensional goal of chemistry teaching. The results show that the experimental teaching method can stimulate students' interest in chemistry learning, promote students to study actively, make students grasp the basic knowledge and skills of chemistry science, and understand the composition, structure and nature of matter. The dialectical relationship between the changes is helpful for students to form chemical concepts, consolidate chemical knowledge, acquire chemical experimental skills, cultivate realistic, serious scientific attitude and scientific methods. It is helpful for the students to test and consolidate the basic concepts and basic theories of chemistry, to cultivate and develop the students' operation skills, observation ability, thinking ability, and to make the students develop a rigorous scientific attitude, thus arousing the students' interest in learning. Arouse students' learning enthusiasm and enhance students' self-confidence in learning.
【学位授予单位】：青海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.8

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