普通中学化学实验教学现状调查研究
发布时间：2018-07-17 08:18
【摘要】：化学是一门以实验为基础、实践性、应用性非常强的自然科学。学生在做实验过程中学习化学基础知识与技能,提高自身科学素养。随着新课程改革的推进,化学实验地位的提升,突显出化学实验教学的重要性。但是,在实际的化学实验教学中由于多种因素的影响,目前普通中学化学实验教学仍然存在一些问题。为了了解大连市某区普通中学化学实验教学现状,首先对国内外相关研究资料进行梳理、汲取先进理论及实验教学经验,再从“实验教学的条件情况”、“实验教学的实施情况”、“实验教学的效果情况”、“实验教学的评价情况”、“实验教学的教师培训情况”这五个维度进行问卷调查研究。通过调查研究,洞察并分析当前普通中学化学实验教学的问题如下:1、开设化学实验缺少保障机制:实验课时得不到保障;专职实验员岗位制度空白;实验室使用率较低,缺乏监管。2、化学实验教学实施不理想:教师的认识与实际教学相矛盾;实验内容不丰富、缺乏趣味性;实验开设率达不到课标要求;教师的实验创新能力较弱;缺少废液、废渣环保处理的举措。3、化学实验教学的效果不明显。4、化学实验教学评价的不完善:学校考核制度与素质教育相矛盾;教师只重视评价结果;评价方式方法单一。5、化学实验教学的教师培训不完善:培训内容不是按需确定;培训缺少评价考核制度。通过深入、细致的分析问题的成因,最终提出解决相关问题的建议如下:1、健全新课程化学实验教学的保障制度:改革化学课程编制,保证充足化学实验课时;设立初中化学实验员岗位专职,加强实验员队伍建设;制定化学实验室监管制度。2、保证化学实验教学的有效实施:转变化学教师的教学观念,提高认识;开发校本课程,促进化学实验教学内容的改革;加大化学实验室开放的力度;开展创新实验教学设计、自创实验教具的评比大赛;增强环保意识。3、充分利用实验教学的课程资源提高教学有效性。4、完善化学实验教学的评价机制:转变实验教学的评价观念;建立教师评价监管制度;选择多元化评价方式;5、完善化学实验教学的教师培训:培训内容根据教师需求而确定;改变教师培训考核评价制度。
[Abstract]:Chemistry is a natural science based on experiment, practical and applied. Students learn the basic knowledge and skills of chemistry in the process of experiment, and improve their own scientific literacy. With the advancement of the new curriculum reform and the promotion of the status of chemistry experiment, the importance of chemistry experiment teaching is highlighted. However, due to the influence of many factors, there are still some problems in chemistry experiment teaching in middle school. In order to understand the present situation of chemical experiment teaching in a district of Dalian, the related research materials at home and abroad are first combed, advanced theories and experimental teaching experiences are drawn, and then "conditions of experimental teaching" are introduced. A questionnaire survey was conducted on the five dimensions of "the implementation of experimental teaching", "the effect of experimental teaching", "the evaluation of experimental teaching" and "teacher training in experimental teaching". Through investigation and research, the problems of chemistry experiment teaching in general middle school are investigated and analyzed as follows: (1) there is no guarantee mechanism for setting up chemistry experiment: the experimental class is not guaranteed, the post system of full-time experimenter is blank, and the rate of laboratory utilization is low. Lack of supervision. 2. The implementation of chemistry experiment teaching is not ideal: teachers' understanding is contradictory with actual teaching; experiment content is not rich and interesting; experiment opening rate is not up to the requirements of curriculum standard; teachers' experimental innovation ability is weak; lack of waste liquid, The measures of environmental protection treatment of waste residue. 3. The effect of chemical experiment teaching is not obvious. The evaluation of chemical experiment teaching is not perfect: the school assessment system is contradictory with quality education, the teacher only pays attention to the evaluation result; The method of evaluation is simple. 5. The training of teachers in chemistry experiment teaching is not perfect: the training content is not determined according to need, and the training lacks evaluation and assessment system. Through in-depth and careful analysis of the causes of the problem, finally put forward the following suggestions to solve the related problems: 1, improve the new curriculum of chemical experiment teaching security system: reform the chemistry curriculum to ensure adequate chemical experimental hours; To set up the post of chemistry experimenter in junior middle school full-time, to strengthen the construction of the team of experimenters, to establish the supervision system of chemistry laboratory. 2. To ensure the effective implementation of chemistry experiment teaching: to change the teaching concept of chemistry teachers, to raise their understanding, to develop the school-based curriculum, To promote the reform of chemical experiment teaching content, to increase the opening of chemical laboratory, to carry out innovative experimental teaching design and to create a contest for evaluation of experimental teaching aids; Strengthen the consciousness of environmental protection, make full use of the curriculum resources of experimental teaching to improve the effectiveness of teaching .4, perfect the evaluation mechanism of chemical experimental teaching, change the evaluation concept of experimental teaching, establish the system of teacher evaluation and supervision; To perfect the teacher training of chemistry experiment teaching, the training content should be determined according to the teachers' needs, and the evaluation system of teachers' training should be changed.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.8
本文编号：2129765
[Abstract]:Chemistry is a natural science based on experiment, practical and applied. Students learn the basic knowledge and skills of chemistry in the process of experiment, and improve their own scientific literacy. With the advancement of the new curriculum reform and the promotion of the status of chemistry experiment, the importance of chemistry experiment teaching is highlighted. However, due to the influence of many factors, there are still some problems in chemistry experiment teaching in middle school. In order to understand the present situation of chemical experiment teaching in a district of Dalian, the related research materials at home and abroad are first combed, advanced theories and experimental teaching experiences are drawn, and then "conditions of experimental teaching" are introduced. A questionnaire survey was conducted on the five dimensions of "the implementation of experimental teaching", "the effect of experimental teaching", "the evaluation of experimental teaching" and "teacher training in experimental teaching". Through investigation and research, the problems of chemistry experiment teaching in general middle school are investigated and analyzed as follows: (1) there is no guarantee mechanism for setting up chemistry experiment: the experimental class is not guaranteed, the post system of full-time experimenter is blank, and the rate of laboratory utilization is low. Lack of supervision. 2. The implementation of chemistry experiment teaching is not ideal: teachers' understanding is contradictory with actual teaching; experiment content is not rich and interesting; experiment opening rate is not up to the requirements of curriculum standard; teachers' experimental innovation ability is weak; lack of waste liquid, The measures of environmental protection treatment of waste residue. 3. The effect of chemical experiment teaching is not obvious. The evaluation of chemical experiment teaching is not perfect: the school assessment system is contradictory with quality education, the teacher only pays attention to the evaluation result; The method of evaluation is simple. 5. The training of teachers in chemistry experiment teaching is not perfect: the training content is not determined according to need, and the training lacks evaluation and assessment system. Through in-depth and careful analysis of the causes of the problem, finally put forward the following suggestions to solve the related problems: 1, improve the new curriculum of chemical experiment teaching security system: reform the chemistry curriculum to ensure adequate chemical experimental hours; To set up the post of chemistry experimenter in junior middle school full-time, to strengthen the construction of the team of experimenters, to establish the supervision system of chemistry laboratory. 2. To ensure the effective implementation of chemistry experiment teaching: to change the teaching concept of chemistry teachers, to raise their understanding, to develop the school-based curriculum, To promote the reform of chemical experiment teaching content, to increase the opening of chemical laboratory, to carry out innovative experimental teaching design and to create a contest for evaluation of experimental teaching aids; Strengthen the consciousness of environmental protection, make full use of the curriculum resources of experimental teaching to improve the effectiveness of teaching .4, perfect the evaluation mechanism of chemical experimental teaching, change the evaluation concept of experimental teaching, establish the system of teacher evaluation and supervision; To perfect the teacher training of chemistry experiment teaching, the training content should be determined according to the teachers' needs, and the evaluation system of teachers' training should be changed.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.8
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 秦成翠;熊言林;;安徽省农村初中化学实验教学现状的调查与思考[J];化学教育;2010年12期
2 林长春,彭蜀晋;中外理科实验教学比较与思考[J];课程.教材.教法;2001年02期
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