社会转型期我国农村中小学教育公平研究

发布时间：2018-07-18 10:03

【摘要】：十八大以来,以习近平为总书记的党中央从坚持和发展中国特色社会主义全局出发,提出并形成了全面建成小康社会、全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党的战略布局。目前,我国正处在一个社会转型期,社会各领域、各个方面、各种利益和矛盾的冲突在所难免,其中教育公平就是伴随着社会转型而衍生的一个突出问题。所谓教育公平,应包括两方面的内容,一是国家对教育资源进行配置时所依据的合理性的规范或原则,二是政府根据社会与实际情况,为每个社会成员在享受公共教育资源提供公正和平等的对待。对照教育公平的内涵,目前在我国还有很多教育不公平的现象存在,突出表现在中小学的基础教育方面,并且在社会转型时期呈现出新的表现形式,如教育城乡差距、地区差距、阶层差距以及学校之间差距等。通过对山东日照市五莲县调查研究得出部分原因,主要是由于社会转型引发了传统和现代的全方位冲突,导致城乡发展两极分化明显加大,区域差别严重,社会收入分配不均,加上政府公共职能缺失,教育领域的种种腐败现象等。寻找教育公平的实现,政策调节应是最重要的举措。因此,如何通过制度性安排解决教育领域中存在的不足,应引起各方面的关注。由此,在社会转型时期,进一步推进公平,要在以下几个方面下功夫:一是转变政府职能,提高政府治理能力和水平,真正做到履职尽责;二是要建立教育政策运行的公平机制,缩小正在扩大的城乡差距和阶层差距;三是进一步完善教育立法,以法律来保障教育公平的实现等等。根据十八届三中全会通过的《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》把实行校长、教师交流轮岗作为统筹城乡义务教育资源均衡配置,办好人民满意教育的一项重要举措。调查了合肥市长丰县的轮岗情况,调查了一些数据,进行比对后发现我国农村教育还存在许多不足。社会转型时期,不仅给我国教育的改革与发展带来了巨大的活力,也给进入新的历史发展阶段的我国农村中小学教育带来了新的机遇和挑战。
[Abstract]:Since the 18th National Congress, the CPC Central Committee, with Xi Jinping as its general secretary, has proposed and formed a well-off society in an all-round way, deepening reform in an all-round way, and governing the country according to law, in view of the overall situation of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. Comprehensive strict administration of the Party's strategic layout. At present, our country is in a period of social transformation, social fields, various aspects, various interests and contradictions of the conflict is inevitable, among which, education equity is accompanied by the transformation of society and derived from a prominent problem. The so-called educational fairness should include two aspects: the first is the rational norms or principles on which the state allocates educational resources, and the other is the government according to the social and practical conditions. To provide fair and equal treatment for each member of society in the enjoyment of public educational resources. In contrast to the connotation of educational fairness, there are still many phenomena of educational unfairness in our country at present, which are prominent in the basic education of primary and secondary schools, and take on new forms of expression in the period of social transformation, such as the gap between urban and rural education. Regional disparity, class gap and gap between schools and so on. Through the investigation and study of Wulian County in Rizhao City, Shandong Province, some reasons are obtained, mainly because the social transformation has caused the traditional and modern omnidirectional conflicts, leading to a marked increase in the polarization of urban and rural development, serious regional differences, and uneven distribution of social income. In addition, the lack of public functions of the government, all kinds of corruption in the field of education and so on. Policy regulation should be the most important measure to find the realization of educational equity. Therefore, how to solve the problems in the field of education through institutional arrangement should be paid more attention to. Therefore, in the period of social transformation, to further promote fairness, we should make efforts in the following aspects: first, to transform the functions of the government, improve the ability and level of government governance, and truly fulfill its duties with due diligence; The second is to establish a fair mechanism for the operation of education policy, to narrow the widening gap between urban and rural areas and the stratum gap; third, to further improve education legislation to ensure the realization of educational equity by law, and so on. According to the "decision of the CPC Central Committee on several important issues on comprehensively deepening Reform", adopted at the third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, the implementation of the principal and teachers' exchange of posts is regarded as a balanced allocation of compulsory education resources in urban and rural areas. An important measure to run a satisfactory education for the people. This paper investigates the situation of rotation of posts in Changfeng County of Hefei City, investigates some data, and finds that there are still many deficiencies in rural education in China. In the period of social transformation, it not only brings great vitality to the reform and development of education in our country, but also brings new opportunities and challenges to the education of primary and secondary schools in rural areas, which has entered a new stage of historical development.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G639.2

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