农村留守儿童体育干预功效研究

发布时间：2018-07-18 21:13

【摘要】：伴随着我国的城镇化、现代化,农村留守儿童群体产生。随着社会结构转型加快,该群体数量不断增大,问题也逐渐增多,并发展成制约经济发展、社会和谐的重大问题。因此,关注农村留守儿童的心理健康,促进留守儿童健康社会化,是建设社会主义和谐社会的重要环节,关系到我国经济建设和社会稳定的可持续发展,是推动城市化和现代化的现实需求;同时,关注留守儿童这一社会弱势群体,更是对一代农村孩子成长的人文关怀。区别于以往教育学、心理学、社会学、人类学等领域对留守儿童问题的关注,本文从体育学领域着手,结合心理学、社会学等领域的相关理论、观点,探析体育干预对留守儿童心理健康及社会化的影响。本文主要采用的科研方法有文献资料法、访谈法、问卷调查法、教学实验法、数理统计法等,以纵深的干预——反馈为主轴,在全面把握留守儿童的心理健康现状的基础上,分析采用体育干预留守儿童心理健康的必要性及可行性,构建体育干预方案,对湖南省怀化市楠木铺九校53名留守儿童进行干预,后期加以持续关注与追踪调查。旨在全面把握体育干预对留守儿童心理健康的即时效用与长久价值,为系统解决留守儿童心理健康问题提供体育学层面有价值的依据。研究结果:楠木铺农村留守儿童的生活、学习状况不佳,留守儿童存在不同程度的心理障碍。体育干预结束之初,农村留守儿童心理状况中的强迫、抑郁、恐怖、偏执因子前后比较呈显著性差异(P0.05),其余各项因子虽不具有统计学差异,但分值都有所降低。追踪调查结果显示,体育干预后,留守儿童参与课外体育活动的次数明显增加,时间显著增长;参与体育活动的愿望更为强烈;对自身参与到体育活动中来、克服体育活动中遇到的困难、并在体育活动中获得优异表现更有信心;对参与体育活动的看法和认知也有了积极改观。因此,体育干预能有效缓解农村留守儿童心理障碍,对促进留守儿童形成并保持健康的心理状态具有积极作用:体育干预有助于留守儿童建立自信;有助于留守儿童寻求情感归属,获得情感认同。此外,体育干预能促进留守儿童形成并保持积极的体育态度和行为,从而为留守儿童自我意识形成、人格发展完善、初级群体建立、价值理性重构、价值观念树立提供途径。以体育干预功效为依据,建议从政府、学校、社会、家庭、个人等层面保障留守儿童体育活动参与,促进留守儿童身心健康全面发展。
[Abstract]:With the urbanization and modernization of our country, the group of children left behind in rural areas comes into being. With the rapid transformation of social structure, the number of this group is increasing, the problems are also increasing, and it has developed into a major problem of restricting economic development and social harmony. Therefore, paying attention to the mental health of rural left-behind children and promoting the socialization of left-behind children's health is an important link in building a harmonious socialist society, which is related to the sustainable development of economic construction and social stability in our country. It is the realistic demand to promote urbanization and modernization, at the same time, to pay attention to the left-behind children as a social vulnerable group, is also the humanistic concern for the growth of a generation of rural children. Different from the previous education, psychology, sociology, anthropology and other fields of concern for left-behind children, this paper starts from the field of physical education, combining psychology, sociology and other related theories, views, To explore the influence of sports intervention on mental health and socialization of left-behind children. The main scientific research methods used in this paper are literature, interview, questionnaire, teaching experiment, mathematical statistics and so on. Based on the comprehensive understanding of the mental health status of left-behind children, the deep intervention-feedback is taken as the main axis. This paper analyzes the necessity and feasibility of sports intervention on the mental health of left-behind children, and constructs a sports intervention scheme to intervene 53 left-behind children in Nam Mu Pu Nine School, Huaihua City, Hunan Province. The purpose of this paper is to grasp the immediate utility and long-term value of physical intervention on the mental health of left-behind children, and to provide a valuable basis for solving the psychological health problems of left-behind children in physical education. The results showed that children left behind in Nanmu Pu were poor in life and learning, and there were some psychological obstacles in them. At the beginning of sports intervention, there were significant differences in the psychological status of rural left-behind children in terms of compulsion, depression, phobia and paranoid ideation (P0.05). Although the other factors had no statistical difference, the scores were all decreased. The results showed that after the sports intervention, the number of children left behind in extracurricular sports activities increased significantly, the time significantly increased; the desire to participate in sports activities was stronger; It is more confident to overcome the difficulties encountered in sports activities and to get excellent performance in sports activities, and the attitude and cognition to participate in sports activities have also been improved. Therefore, physical intervention can effectively alleviate the psychological barriers of left-behind children in rural areas, and play a positive role in promoting the formation of left-behind children and maintaining a healthy psychological state: sports intervention can help left-behind children to build self-confidence; It is helpful for left-behind children to seek emotional attribution and obtain emotional identity. In addition, sports intervention can promote left-behind children to form and maintain positive sports attitude and behavior, thus providing a way for left-behind children to form self-consciousness, perfect personality development, establish primary group, reconstruct value rationality and establish value concept. Based on the effect of sports intervention, it is suggested that the government, school, society, family and individual should ensure the participation of left-behind children in sports activities, and promote the physical and mental health of left-behind children in an all-round way.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.96

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