我国中小学教师资格制度改革的问题及策略研究

发布时间：2018-11-15 15:06

【摘要】：教师是人类灵魂的工程师,国家人力资源的开发、国民素质的提高、文化理念的创新,均有赖于良师来辅助、塑造和指引。而教师资格制度作为教师质量保障体系中最为重要的一项,其发展和变革已成为各国教育改革的重要课题。我国教师资格制度的起步晚、发展慢,存在诸多问题。在教师专业化成为国际教师教育的核心思想与主要趋势的背景下,审视我国教师资格制度在改革中存在的不足,提出符合我国实际国情的教师资格制度改革策略是十分必要的。本研究主要采用文献法和访谈法为研究方法,研究的问题主要包括:我国中小学教师资格制度的改革现状;改革中出现的问题;完善我国中小学教师制度的建议。期望通过我国中小学教师资格制度改革的实施现状,发现改革中存在的现实问题,结合理论寻求完善改革的措施和对策。研究发现,我国中小学教师资格制度在改革中存在以下问题:教师资格认定机构单一;教师资格认定学历要求过低;教师资格认定考试未关注到地区差异;教师资格认定对于教育教学能力考察不足;教师资格证书分类不齐全;教师资格的融通性和流动性存在问题;教师资格定期注册缺乏考学考评;教师退出机制不完善。针对上述我国教师资格制度改革中存在的问题,结合相关的教育教学理论和访谈,本研究在反思的基础上提出了下列建议:教师资格认定考试应关注到地区差异;教师资格认定应重点考察教育教学能力;建立教师资格认定专业机构;合理规划教师资格证书的类别和等级;科学规范教师资格证书的融通性和流动性;对教师资格定期注册要进行科学考评;建立教师退出机制以保障教师队伍合理有序发展。
[Abstract]:Teacher is the engineer of human soul, the development of national human resources, the improvement of national quality and the innovation of cultural idea all depend on good teacher to assist, shape and guide. As the most important part of teacher quality assurance system, the development and reform of teacher qualification system has become an important subject of education reform in various countries. The teacher qualification system of our country starts late, develops slowly, and has many problems. Under the background that teacher professionalization has become the core idea and main trend of international teacher education, it is necessary to examine the deficiency of teacher qualification system in our country and put forward the reform strategy of teacher qualification system in accordance with the actual situation of our country. This research mainly adopts the literature method and the interview method as the research method, the research question mainly includes: our country primary and middle school teacher qualification system reform present situation, the question which appears in the reform, consummates our country primary and middle school teacher system suggestion. Through the implementation of the reform of teacher qualification system in primary and secondary schools in China, the author hopes to find out the practical problems existing in the reform, and to seek the measures and countermeasures to perfect the reform in combination with the theory. It is found that there are some problems in the reform of the teacher qualification system in primary and secondary schools: the single institution of teacher qualification, the low requirement of qualification, the lack of attention to regional differences in teacher qualification examination; The qualification of teachers is not enough to investigate the teaching ability; the classification of teacher qualification certificate is not complete; the compatibility and fluidity of teachers' qualifications are existing problems; the teachers' qualification registration is lack of examination and evaluation; and the withdrawal mechanism of teachers is not perfect. In view of the problems existing in the reform of the teacher qualification system in China, combined with the relevant educational and teaching theories and interviews, this study puts forward the following suggestions on the basis of reflection: the teacher qualification examination should pay attention to regional differences; Teachers' qualification should focus on educational competence; establish professional organizations for teacher qualification; rationally plan the categories and levels of teacher qualification certificates; scientifically standardize the compatibility and mobility of teacher qualifications certificates; It is necessary to evaluate teachers' qualifications regularly and to establish a teacher withdrawal mechanism to ensure the rational and orderly development of teachers' ranks.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G635.1

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