农村高中低成本物理实验的案例研究
发布时间：2018-12-08 17:17
【摘要】：物理是一门以实验为基础的课程,没有实验也就没有物理。作为高中物理教师,需要充分发挥物理实验的作用,提高物理实验教学的质量,通过实验培养学生的创新能力。现在,大家越来越关注低成本物理实验,在《中学物理新课程标准》中,新课改为我们呈现出其核心思想是“从生活走向物理,从物理走向社会”,把生产、生活、学习用品制作成实验器材,利用身边的东西创设实验,生活即物理,这正是低成本物理实验的意义所在。我校是一所农村高中,财政并不富裕,大家养成了少花钱多做事的习惯,低成本实验已经开始在我们的校园里生根发芽。本研究从教学需要出发,收集身边的低成本、无成本材料,结合个人研究特长,学习、改进和创新了一些低成本的物理实验。论文共由6个部分组成。1引言是问题的提出部分,分析了课题的提出背景,介绍了国内外低成本物理实验的研究现状,说明了研究所要解决的问题以及研究工作的的实用价值与理论意义。2力学低成本实验的案例研究,包括伽利略理想斜面实验、探究加速度与力和质量的定量关系实验、模拟电梯、用塑料水瓶演示的超重和失重。3电学低成本实验的案例研究,包括USB供电装置制作、小功率紫外灯和中小功率红光激光笔的改装制作、安培力方向自制学具系列、“跳环”实验、“落磁”实验、家用电器待机功率的测量。4热学低成本实验的案例研究,包括自制数码显微镜观察布朗运动、用塑料瓶演示做功改变内能、对自制电子礼炮的仿制和改进、热力学橡皮筋、煤气灶的节能研究。5光学低成本实验的案例研究,包括简易光学放大演示平台、光的干涉和衍射演示实验教具、单缝衍射与双缝干涉学具、教你如何配眼镜。6结论,介绍了教学实践中开展低成本物理实验所取得的成果,结合相关的教育学和心理学理论,分析了在高中开展低成本物理实验对提高学生学习兴趣、触发学生学习的内部动机的作用,为高中物理实验教学的改革提供了有益的参考,也为高中物理教师在今后的教学中开展低成本物理实验提供了宝贵的经验。
[Abstract]:Physics is an experimental-based course, without which there is no physics. As a high school physics teacher, it is necessary to give full play to the role of physics experiment, improve the quality of physics experiment teaching, and cultivate students' innovative ability through experiment. Now, people are paying more and more attention to low-cost physical experiments. In the New Curriculum Standard for Physics in Middle Schools, the new curriculum has changed to our core idea of "from life to physics, from physics to society," and from production to life. Learning supplies are made into experimental equipment, and experiments are created by using the things around them. Life is physics, which is the meaning of low-cost physical experiments. Our school is a rural high school, financial is not rich, we have developed the habit of doing more with less money, low-cost experiments have begun to take root in our campus. Based on the teaching needs, this study collected low-cost and non-cost materials, combined with individual research expertise, learning, improvement and innovation of some low-cost physical experiments. This paper is composed of six parts. 1 the introduction is the part of the question, the background of the subject is analyzed, and the research status of low-cost physical experiments at home and abroad is introduced. The problems to be solved and the practical value and theoretical significance of the research work are explained. 2 case studies of low cost experiments in mechanics, including Galileo ideal inclined plane experiment, quantitative relationship between acceleration and force and mass are explored. Simulated elevators, overweight and weightlessness demonstrated with plastic water bottles. 3 case studies of low cost electrical experiments, including the manufacture of USB power supply devices, the modification of low power ultraviolet lamps and medium and small power red laser pens, and the series of home-made Ampere direction learning tools, The "jump ring" experiment, the "magnetic drop" experiment, the measurement of the standby power of household appliances. 4 case studies of low cost thermal experiments, including the observation of Brownian motion by self-made digital microscope, the use of plastic bottles to demonstrate work to change internal energy, Imitation and improvement of self-made electronic gift gun, energy saving of thermodynamics rubber band and gas stove. 5 case study of optical low cost experiment, including simple optical amplification demonstration platform, demonstration aids of light interference and diffraction, Single slit diffraction and double slit interferometry, teaching you how to fit glasses. 6 conclusion. The paper introduces the achievement of low cost physical experiment in teaching practice, and combines relevant pedagogy and psychology theory, This paper analyzes the effect of low cost physics experiment in senior high school on improving students' interest in learning and triggering students' internal motivation of learning, which provides a useful reference for the reform of physics experiment teaching in senior high school. It also provides valuable experience for high school physics teachers to carry out low-cost physics experiments in the future teaching.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.7
本文编号：2368704
[Abstract]:Physics is an experimental-based course, without which there is no physics. As a high school physics teacher, it is necessary to give full play to the role of physics experiment, improve the quality of physics experiment teaching, and cultivate students' innovative ability through experiment. Now, people are paying more and more attention to low-cost physical experiments. In the New Curriculum Standard for Physics in Middle Schools, the new curriculum has changed to our core idea of "from life to physics, from physics to society," and from production to life. Learning supplies are made into experimental equipment, and experiments are created by using the things around them. Life is physics, which is the meaning of low-cost physical experiments. Our school is a rural high school, financial is not rich, we have developed the habit of doing more with less money, low-cost experiments have begun to take root in our campus. Based on the teaching needs, this study collected low-cost and non-cost materials, combined with individual research expertise, learning, improvement and innovation of some low-cost physical experiments. This paper is composed of six parts. 1 the introduction is the part of the question, the background of the subject is analyzed, and the research status of low-cost physical experiments at home and abroad is introduced. The problems to be solved and the practical value and theoretical significance of the research work are explained. 2 case studies of low cost experiments in mechanics, including Galileo ideal inclined plane experiment, quantitative relationship between acceleration and force and mass are explored. Simulated elevators, overweight and weightlessness demonstrated with plastic water bottles. 3 case studies of low cost electrical experiments, including the manufacture of USB power supply devices, the modification of low power ultraviolet lamps and medium and small power red laser pens, and the series of home-made Ampere direction learning tools, The "jump ring" experiment, the "magnetic drop" experiment, the measurement of the standby power of household appliances. 4 case studies of low cost thermal experiments, including the observation of Brownian motion by self-made digital microscope, the use of plastic bottles to demonstrate work to change internal energy, Imitation and improvement of self-made electronic gift gun, energy saving of thermodynamics rubber band and gas stove. 5 case study of optical low cost experiment, including simple optical amplification demonstration platform, demonstration aids of light interference and diffraction, Single slit diffraction and double slit interferometry, teaching you how to fit glasses. 6 conclusion. The paper introduces the achievement of low cost physical experiment in teaching practice, and combines relevant pedagogy and psychology theory, This paper analyzes the effect of low cost physics experiment in senior high school on improving students' interest in learning and triggering students' internal motivation of learning, which provides a useful reference for the reform of physics experiment teaching in senior high school. It also provides valuable experience for high school physics teachers to carry out low-cost physics experiments in the future teaching.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.7
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