天文科学数据共享政策及基于科学数据的科普教育研究

发布时间：2018-12-15 11:37

【摘要】：当代天文学已经进入数据密集型和数据驱动的时代。随着我国天文学研究的不断发展,国内自产的天文科学数据呈现出爆炸式增长的趋势。建立健全符合科学发展规律的数据资源开放共享政策与制度,使天文科技资源得到高效有序的管理和使用,对国内天文学研究和科普教育的发展至关重要。本文在充分调研各国政府、部门和国际组织有关政策的基础上,剖析了国外科学数据“完全与公开”的共享原则,介绍了我国科学数据共享相关的管理规定和当前状况,重点论述国际各大天文望远镜项目和天文数据中心天文科学数据资源开放共享的有关政策。同时介绍了国内天文科学数据资源和开放共享的现状,在对比分析国内外政策的基础上总结我国天文科学数据共享政策所存在的问题,起草并制定《国家天文台天文观测数据开放共享管理办法(征求意见稿)》。最后对我国天文科学数据资源共享工作发展和政策制定提出了具体建议。完善的天文科学数据共享政策促进科学数据的有效利用,而积极发挥科学数据在天文学研究和教育中的作用,也会督促和推进天文科学数据开放共享政策的制定,两者相互促进、相辅相成。其中WWT软件就是天文科学数据共享政策的良好结晶,它将全球最好的天文科学数据资源无缝透明的连接在一起,使天文科学数据得到有效共享利用,并促进国内天文科学科普教育的发展。本文介绍了我们基于科学数据进行科普教育的工作以及所取得成绩,并分析、总结实践经验。着重介绍了基于WWT的中小学天文课程体系建设、基于WWT的天文教学实践以及中国传统星空数据资源的WWT集成与共享三个方面。通过实践可知,基于WWT平台下的科学数据的科普教育的优势主要体现在其互动性、合作性、探究性和情境性。总之,在大数据时代,基于科学数据的科普教育响应了教育信息化改革,促进了国内科普教育的改革创新。
[Abstract]:Modern astronomy has entered a data-intensive and data-driven era. With the development of astronomical research in China, the domestic astronomical scientific data are increasing explosively. It is very important for the development of astronomy research and popular science education to establish and perfect the open sharing policy and system of data resources in accordance with the law of scientific development, so that the astronomical science and technology resources can be managed and used in an efficient and orderly manner. On the basis of investigating the relevant policies of governments, departments and international organizations, this paper analyzes the principle of "complete and open" sharing of foreign scientific data, and introduces the relevant management regulations and current situation of scientific data sharing in China. This paper focuses on the policies of open sharing of astronomical scientific data resources for major international astronomical telescope projects and astronomical data centers. At the same time, the status quo of domestic astronomical scientific data resources and open sharing is introduced, and the problems existing in China's astronomical scientific data sharing policy are summarized on the basis of comparative analysis of domestic and foreign policies. Draft and formulate the National Astronomical observation data Open sharing Management method (draft for comments). Finally, some suggestions on the development and policy formulation of astronomical scientific data resource sharing in China are put forward. A sound policy on sharing astronomical scientific data promotes the effective use of scientific data, and actively exerting the role of scientific data in astronomical research and education will also urge and promote the formulation of an open sharing policy for astronomical scientific data. The two promote each other and complement each other. Among them, WWT software is a good crystallization of astronomical scientific data sharing policy. It connects the best astronomical scientific data resources in the world seamlessly and transparently, so that the astronomical scientific data can be effectively shared and utilized. And promote the development of popular science education of astronomical science in China. This paper introduces the work and achievements of popularizing science education based on scientific data, analyzes and summarizes the practical experience. This paper mainly introduces the construction of astronomy course system based on WWT, the practice of astronomy teaching based on WWT, and the integration and sharing of Chinese traditional star data resources with WWT. Through practice, we can see that the advantages of popular science education based on scientific data based on WWT platform are mainly reflected in its interactive, cooperative, exploratory and situational nature. In short, in big data's time, popular science education based on scientific data responded to the educational informatization reform and promoted the reform and innovation of popular science education in China.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.98

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