我国成人高等教育周期波动现象研究

发布时间：2018-01-01 09:11

本文关键词：我国成人高等教育周期波动现象研究　出处：《陕西师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：成人高等教育是现代高等教育体系的重要组成部分,我国的成人高等教育在其半个多世纪的发展过程中,以其投资少,见效快,适宜在职学员进修学习,形式灵活多样等特点,已成为富有中国特色的高等教育体系中不可或缺的一部分。是实现穷国办大教育,办高等教育,实现高等教育大众化目标的一个有效途径,也是实现创建学习型社会,构建终身教育体系的重要环节。改革开放以来,我国的成人高等教育事业取得的不凡成就令世人瞩目,在发展过程中已建立起一个由普通高校设立的继续教育学院、各级各类独立设置的成人高等学校、现代远程高等教育和高等教育自学考试组成的庞大体系,成为我国高等教育发展中的一股有生力量,为我国构建现代化社会培养出了大批的有用人才。学界对于教育与经济间的关系研究始于20世纪中期,以美国经济学家舒尔茨和贝克尔创立人力资本理论作为对教育经济问题理论研究的起点,研究者们分别对教育与经济之间的相互关系问题进行了宽领域、多角度的研究,继之发展出如筛选假设、劳动力市场划分、过度教育研究等多种理论,这些理论或基于定性研究,对教育与经济间的相互关系进行定性分析,或基于定量研究,试图对教育和经济问题内不同领域进行相关性分析。在众多研究成果中,关于成人教育尤其是成人高等教育对于经济发展的研究大多停留在定性研究层面,定量分析甚少。特别是针对成人高等教育的具体经济数据分析的研究更是少之又少。而成人高等教育作为我国高等教育体系中不可或缺的一部分,由于其受财政支持的特殊性,使其与市场需求的紧密度相对较高,特别是在现今我国高等教育大众化的趋势下,对于成人高等教育的发展现状的认识,有必要基于具体的数据分析而不仅仅是感性的经验考量,并进而对今后的成人高等教育乃至成人教育整体的发展提供科学的数据支持和理论依据。本文采取定量研究和定性研究相结合的研究方式,在定性研究方面,使用管理学中的经典分析工具SWOT分析矩阵,对我国成人高等教育目前所处的外部环境中的机遇和挑战以及内部环境里具有的优势和劣势一一进行分析整理,进而对我国成人高等教育的整体环境构造出SWOT矩阵。在定量分析方面,对指标的选取,以成人高等教育的招生数量、在校人数、成人高校数量为主,具体数据分别来源于《中国教育成就(1949-1983)》《中国成人高等学校简介》《中国教育统计年鉴》《教育事业统计年鉴2004》《陕西教育年鉴》等统计年鉴,并在此基础上对数据进行整理分析。以经济周期理论为理论依据,对成人高等教育层次结构、经济增长相关理论进行回顾与综述,对新中国成立后的成人高等教育的招生数量、在校人数和学校数量进行全时段统计并对其增长率分别进行统计计算,依照其变化规律进行周期划分,以此对我国成人高等教育波动周期现象进行分析解释。最后得出本研究的主要结论并运用分析研究结果对未来我国成人高等教育的发展走向进行展望。1950年至2012年,中国的成人高等教育规模变化先后经历了多次扩张—收缩—再扩张—再收缩的调整和周期性波动过程,这些周期性变动的衡量标准主要是成人高等教育的发展规模,而对于成人高等教育发展规模的判断,本文主要使用三个指标,即成人高等教育的招生率、在校学生增长率和招生人数增长率,本文基于这三个评价指标所描绘的变化走势对我国成人高等教育的发展变化情况进行分析,结合成人高等教育发展规模增长的波动系数和波动幅度,同时考虑到我国成人高等教育在发展过程中所受到的特定因素的影响,从描述性事实(description fac ts)角度对我国成人高等教育的周期性波动进行描述,并将所受到的冲击和发展过程中的传导问题以及主要事件特征进行分析研究。本文共分五个部分：第一部分是绪论。简述论文的选题背景和选题意义等相关内容。第二部分是对相关概念的详细解释和相关理论的梳理概述。第三部分使用SWOT分析法,对我国成人高等教育目前发展现状和面临的问题进行定性分析。第四部分是对我国成人高等教育存在的周期波动现象进行量化分析研究,第五部分为结论部分。
[Abstract]:Adult higher education is an important part of modern higher education system, China's Adult Higher Education in the process of the development of more than half a century, with less investment, quick effect, suitable for adult students learning characteristics, flexible and diverse forms, has become an integral part of the rich China characteristics of higher education system. Is the realization of office of education of the poor, do higher education, an effective way to achieve the goal of higher education popularization, but also creating a learning society, an important part of constructing lifelong education system. Since the reform and opening up, China's adult higher education has made extraordinary achievements, establish a set the Ordinary University School of continuing education has been in the process of development of adult higher education at all levels to set up independently, modern distance higher education and self-study examination of higher education into the large group System, become the development of China's higher education in an effective strength training, a large number of talented people to build a modern society in China. Scholars began in the middle of twentieth Century for the study of the relationship between education and economy, by American economist Schultz and Becker founded human capital theory as the problem of educational economy theory research starting point, research they are on the relationship between education and economy of wide area, multi angle research, then developed as the screening hypothesis, the labor market division, over a variety of educational research theory, these theories and based on qualitative research, qualitative analysis of the relationship between education and economy, or on the basis of quantitative research try to, the problems of education and economy in different areas were analyzed. In many studies, especially on adult education for Adult Higher Education Study on economic development are qualitative research, quantitative analysis is little. Especially on the analysis of the specific economic data for the adult higher education is even less. The adult higher education is an indispensable part of our country's higher education system, due to its particularity by financial support, with the market the tightness of the demand is relatively high, especially in the popularization of higher education in China under the trend of understanding for the current development of adult higher education, it is necessary to analyze the specific data rather than based on perceptual experience and considerations, the overall development of adult higher education and adult education in the future to provide scientific data support and theoretical basis. This paper adopts the research methods of quantitative and qualitative research, in qualitative research, using SWOT analysis tools in the classic management The analysis matrix of adult higher education of our country at present in the external environment and internal environment of opportunities and challenges in the advantages and disadvantages of one by one analysis, and then to the adult higher education in China's overall environment to construct a SWOT matrix. In the quantitative analysis, the selection of indicators, the number of admissions in adults the number of students of adult higher education, number of colleges and universities, the specific data were derived from < Chinese educational achievement (1949-1983) during China adult higher school edition Chinese Education Statistical Yearbook > Education Statistical Yearbook 2004>< Shaanxi Education Statistical Yearbook Yearbook > etc., and on the basis of the data analysis to the economic cycle theory. According to adult higher education structure, economic growth theories are reviewed and summarized, the adult higher education in the new Chinese after the establishment of the enrollment number in The number of the number of school and school full time statistics and the growth rate were calculated, according to the variation of cycle division, based on the phenomenon of fluctuations in China's adult higher education are analyzed and explained. Finally the main conclusions of this study and the analysis results for the future development of China's adult higher education trend the prospect of.1950 to 2012, the scale of adult higher education has experienced the change of Chinese adjustment and periodic fluctuation process of multiple expansion - contraction -- expansion - contraction, the periodic change of criteria is mainly the scale of development of adult higher education, and for the development of adult higher education, the scale of judgment, this paper mainly use three indicators, namely the adult higher education enrollment rate, students enrollment growth rate and growth rate, in this paper, the three indexes based on the Analyze the situation of development and change of the changes described the trend of adult higher education of our country, with the development of adult higher education, the scale of growth fluctuation coefficient and fluctuation, and considering the influence of specific factors of adult higher education in our country is in the process of development, from the descriptive facts (Description fac TS) cyclical fluctuations of adult higher education in China is described, and will analyze the transmission problem of the impact and the development process and main event characteristics. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part is introduction. Introduced the background and significance of the topic and other related content. The second part is the outline detailed explanation of related concept and the related theory. SWOT analysis using third part, qualitative analysis of China's adult higher education development present situation and problems. The four part is the quantitative analysis and Research on the periodic fluctuation of adult higher education in China, and the fifth part is the conclusion.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G724

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