中学生疏离感及其家庭功能与父母教养方式的研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 02:50

本文关键词： 中学生疏离感家庭功能父母教养方式　出处：《辽宁师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：现实社会生活中的人们能体会到各种情绪、情感的反应。疏离感便是其中的一种情感体验,它是我们每个人都能体会到的。它主要反映的是个体与他人的人际交往问题—现实生活中个体与他人的人际交往、人际沟通等正常社会关系偏离人们所公认的规范标准。与家人、朋友、同事等正常的人际交往间不能建立稳定、亲密的有效关系,觉得自己与他们有一种疏远感和孤立感,难以融入他们之中。家庭功能是父母对子女管教问题的一种行为方式,包括父母与子女间的行为反应、信任关心等各个方面,是家庭环境中的一个重要因素；父母教养方式是父母在教育教养子女的日常生活中所表现出来的一种行为倾向。家庭功能和父母教养方式都是家庭环境中对子女身心发展产生重要影响的因素。本论文从家庭功能和父母教养方式两方面考察了大连市区中学生疏离感发展的特点。本研究首先对疏离感概念作了一个简单概述,对疏离感研究背景及维度总体作了一个概括,综述了该领域的研究现状。然后对疏离感与家庭功能、父母教养方式方面的研究成果和主要理论观点进行了简单阐述。在前人研究的基础上,采用青少年疏离感问卷、家庭功能问卷和父母教养方式问卷,对大连市区392名初中年级的学生进行调查问卷,考察大连市区中学生疏离感的一般特点,探讨了家庭功能和父母教养方式与大连市区中学生疏离感之间的关系。本论文得出以下主要结论： (1)青少年疏离感一阶因素中环境疏离感最高,社会疏离感最低,人际疏离感居于两者之间。在二阶因素的九个维度中,生活环境疏离感、无意义感和自我疏离感得分最高,社会孤立感得分最低。 (2)青少年疏离感存在显著的年级差异,低年级学生的疏离感整体上显著低于高年级学生；是否独生在人际疏离感上的差异显著,独生子女的人际疏离感强于非独生子女。在本研究中,未发现青少年疏离感发展的性别差异。 (3)家庭功能各维度与疏离感有显著相关,情感介入和角色均能正向预测社会疏离感、人际疏离感和环境疏离感。说明在情感介入和角色方面,家庭问题越多,中学生社会疏离感、人际疏离感和环境疏离感就会越强。 (4)专制型对总疏离感和环境疏离感有正向预测作用,说明父母过分约束、控制,子女的总疏离感和环境疏离感就越强。溺爱型对社会疏离感具有正向预测作用,说明父母越过度保护、溺爱,子女的社会疏离感会越强。忽视型对人际疏离感有正向预测作用,说明父母越不管不问、忽视,子女的人际疏离感越强。信任鼓励、情感温暖型均对疏离感有负向预测作用,说明信任、关心、爱护的家庭教养方式有利于降低子女的疏离感。
[Abstract]:People in real social life can feel all kinds of emotions, emotional reactions. Alienation is one of the emotional experiences. It's something that every one of us can understand. It mainly reflects the interpersonal relationship between the individual and the other-- in real life, the interpersonal relationship between the individual and the other. Normal social relationships, such as interpersonal communication, deviate from accepted norms. Normal relationships with family, friends, colleagues, etc., cannot establish stable, intimate and effective relationships, and they feel that they have a sense of alienation and isolation. It is difficult to integrate into them. Family function is an important factor in the family environment, including the behavior reaction between parents and children, trust and concern, etc. The parental rearing style is a kind of behavior tendency of parents in the daily life of educating their children. Family function and parental rearing style are the important factors that influence the children's physical and mental development in the family environment. This paper investigates the characteristics of middle school students' alienation in Dalian from family function and parental rearing style. In this study, the concept of alienation is briefly summarized, the background and dimensions of alienation are summarized, and the current research situation in this field is summarized. On the basis of previous studies, the questionnaire on adolescent alienation, family function and parental rearing style is used. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 392 junior high school students in Dalian to investigate the general characteristics of alienation among middle school students in Dalian, and to explore the relationship between family function, parental rearing style and alienation among middle school students in Dalian. The main conclusions are as follows:. 1) among the first order factors of adolescent alienation, environmental alienation is the highest, social alienation is the lowest, and interpersonal alienation is between the two. In the nine dimensions of the second order factor, the sense of alienation of living environment, the sense of meaningless and the sense of self-alienation are the highest. Social isolation scored the lowest. (2) there were significant grade differences in the sense of alienation among adolescents, the sense of alienation of the lower grade students was significantly lower than that of the higher grade students, and the difference of interpersonal alienation between the only students was significant. The interpersonal alienation of only child is stronger than that of non-only child. In this study, there is no gender difference in the development of alienation. 3) each dimension of family function is significantly related to alienation. Emotional intervention and role can positively predict social alienation, interpersonal alienation and environmental alienation. Middle school students' sense of social alienation, interpersonal alienation and environmental alienation will be stronger. (4) autocracy has a positive predictive effect on total alienation and environmental alienation, indicating that if parents are too restrained and controlled, the total alienation and environmental alienation of their children will become stronger. Doting has a positive predictive effect on social alienation. It shows that the more overprotective and doting parents are, the stronger the social alienation of their children will be. Neglect has a positive predictive effect on interpersonal alienation, indicating that the more parents ignore it, the stronger their interpersonal alienation will be. The warmth of emotion has a negative predictive effect on the sense of alienation, indicating that the family rearing style of trust, care and love is helpful to reduce the sense of alienation of children.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G78;G444

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