重庆地区智障儿童家庭生活质量现状研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 13:06

本文选题：家庭生活质量　切入点：智障儿童　出处：《重庆师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：根据家庭系统理论的观点,智障儿童的缺陷必然会对其家人的生活产生影响,并进而影响到其家庭生活质量,而其家庭生活的状况又会反作用于智障儿童的康复成长,因此关注智障儿童的家庭生活质量状况已经成为一种主流趋势。本研究在参考其他研究的基础上,按照问卷编制的一般程序,以785名智障儿童家长为调查对象,编制了《智障儿童家庭生活质量》问卷,同时采用该问卷对353名重庆地区智障儿童家长进行调查,并对15名重庆地区智障儿童家长进行深入访谈,从而呈现重庆地区智障儿童家庭的生活状况。研究发现了重庆地区智障儿童家庭在家庭生活质量各方面的状况存在一定的差异及特征,同时家庭生活质量及其各方面情况在相关人口学背景变量上存在显著差异,为重庆地区智障儿童家庭生活质量的提升提供了一定的依据。本研究得出如下结论:自编智障儿童家庭生活质量问卷包括八个维度,身心健康、家人关系、经济状况、他人支持、专业支持、职业生涯发展、休闲活动、亲子养育。各维度内部一致性系数在0.80-0.91之间,整个问卷的内部一致性系数达到0.93,间隔三周后重测,整个问卷的重测信度为0.92,各维度的内部重测信度系数在0.76-0.90,表明问卷具有较好的内部一致性信度。验证性因素分析表明八个维度的模型拟合良好(?2/df=2.08,RMSEA=0.06,GFI=0.85,CFI=0.92,TLI=0.91,IFI=0.92),表明问卷具有较好的效度。智障儿童家庭生活质量现状:(1)智障儿童家庭生活质量各维度中,“家人交往”水平较高,“职业生涯发展”和“经济状况”水平相对较低,“专业支持”、“他人支持”、“休闲活动”水平最低。(2)智障儿童家庭生活质量及其维度在家庭住址、孩子障碍程度、就读学校、家庭结构、孩子性别、孩子年龄、家长性别、家长年龄、家长身份上存在一定的显著差异。(3)智障儿童家庭生活质量及其维度在孩子是否独生上不存在显著差异。(4)在家庭经济条件方面,多数智障儿童家人表现出一定的矛盾,一方面对家庭经济条件的要求并不高,只要能够维持基本的家庭开支即可,另一方面希望家庭经济条件足够优越,能够支撑孩子未来一生的生活。(5)在时间与精力的平衡上,多数智障儿童家人能够完成家务,以及维持好夫妻关系,但对家人自身需求的满足则不够,同时会有选择性的平衡对其他子女教育的时间和精力。(6)在可获取支持性资源上,多数智障儿童家人对政府财政支持感到不满意,希望专业康复支持水平能够更加专业化,希望周围的他人能够更加接纳自己的孩子和家庭。根据研究结果,研究者为智障儿童家庭、特殊教育从业人员及相关教育部门、残障群体政策制定及实施职能部门提供了提升智障儿童家庭生活质量的建议,并指出了研究存在的不足和今后研究发展的方向。
[Abstract]:According to family system theory, the defects of children with intellectual disabilities will inevitably have an impact on the lives of their families and, in turn, on the quality of their family life, and the conditions of their family life will counteract the rehabilitation and growth of children with intellectual disabilities.Therefore, it has become a mainstream trend to pay attention to the quality of family life of children with intellectual disabilities.On the basis of reference to other studies and according to the general procedure of the questionnaire, this study took 785 parents of children with intellectual disabilities as the objects of investigation, and compiled the questionnaire of Family quality of Life of Children with Mental retardation.At the same time, 353 parents of children with intellectual disabilities in Chongqing were investigated by the questionnaire, and 15 parents of children with mental disabilities in Chongqing were interviewed in depth, so as to present the living conditions of the families of children with mental disabilities in Chongqing.The study found that there are some differences and characteristics in all aspects of family quality of life of children with intellectual disabilities in Chongqing area. Meanwhile, the quality of family life and its various aspects have significant differences in the relevant demographic background variables.It provides a basis for improving the quality of family life of children with intellectual disabilities in Chongqing area.The conclusions are as follows: the questionnaire includes eight dimensions, physical and mental health, family relationship, economic status, other support, professional support, career development, leisure activities, parent-child rearing.The internal consistency coefficient of each dimension ranged from 0.80-0.91, and the internal consistency coefficient of the whole questionnaire reached 0.93.The test-retest reliability of the whole questionnaire is 0.92, and the internal test-retest reliability coefficient of each dimension is 0.76-0.90, which indicates that the questionnaire has good internal consistency reliability.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model of eight dimensions was fitted well with 2 / 2. 08% RMSEAA 0.06% GFI 0. 85% CFI 0. 92 ~ 0. 91TLI ~ (0.92), indicating that the questionnaire had a good validity.Among the dimensions of family quality of life of children with intellectual disabilities, the level of "family interaction" is higher, the level of "professional career development" and "economic status" is relatively low, "professional support" and "support of others" are relatively low.The level of "leisure activities" is the lowest. (2) the quality of family life and its dimensions of children with intellectual disabilities are at home address, degree of child disability, school attendance, family structure, child sex, child age, parent sex, parent age, parent age, and family age.There is a significant difference in parents' status. (3) there is no significant difference in the quality of family life and its dimensions between children with mental disabilities and whether they are only children. 4) in terms of family economic conditions, most of the family members of children with intellectual disabilities show certain contradictions.On the one hand, the demand for family economic conditions is not high, as long as the basic household expenses can be maintained, on the other hand, it is hoped that the family economic conditions will be good enough to support the children's life in the future) in the balance of time and energy.Most families of mentally handicapped children are able to do housework and maintain good marital relationships, but not enough to meet their family's own needs, while selectively balancing the time and energy for the other children's education) in terms of access to supportive resources,Most families of children with intellectual disabilities are dissatisfied with the financial support from the government and hope that the level of professional rehabilitation support will become more professional and that others around them will be more receptive to their children and families.According to the results of the study, the researchers provided suggestions for improving the quality of family life of children with intellectual disabilities, including families with intellectual disabilities, special education professionals and related education departments, and the functional departments of policy formulation and implementation of disability groups.It also points out the deficiency of the research and the development direction of the research in the future.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C913.5;G764

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