我国少数民族高考招生政策改革研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 20:22

本文选题：少数民族 + 高考　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：论文依据历史、现实和未来的时间脉络,以少数民族高考招生问题为切入点,从招生政策现实存在的问题入手,对少数民族高考招生政策进行了研究,提出"双一流"背景下少数民族高等教育招生政策改革与完善的构想。基于历史性视角看来,自1950年以降,我国少数民族高考招生政策经历了四个阶段:同等成绩,优先录取阶段;严重摧残,陷入低谷阶段;民族预科,成就非凡阶段;科学分类,完善政策阶段。随着政策运行环境的不断变化,目前我国少数民族高考招生政策在实践层面面临诸多问题,主要表现在以下几个方面:一是少数民族考生生源质量下降,原来本科500分才可以被录取的学校或专业,基于优惠政策,可能录取分数线被下调至400分,学生的学习能力差别很大;二是绝大多数少数民族考生选择学校和专业受限,供需不平衡状态凸显;三是教育本身具有一定周期性,且结果无法预期,无法仅仅根据少数民族的教育资源占有量来衡量谁最应该受到照顾,也就是说教育的前期投入与后期产出很难体现是正相关的关系;四是由于政策制定者与执行者对政策的利益出发点不同,导致政策结果与政策初衷存在偏差。总之,局限性日益凸显,亟待调整完善。参照美国、澳大利亚在招生照顾政策目标价值、政策特点等方面的经验,我国少数民族高考招生政策应从宏观、中观和微观层面统筹改革。在宏观层面,要调整影响政策改革发展路向的各相关因素的关系,并且加强政策的合法性与合理性;中观层面,要协调各相关主体之间的关系,保持政策制定、执行、监督的连贯性,使政策主体能够各尽其责;微观层面,通过合理制定加分、降分政策,重点突出教育公平中"精准照顾"的主导作用,减少不必要的加分,帮助少数民族考生能够获得均等的入学机会,从而使少数民族高考招生政策在教育改革过程中发挥更大的作用。
[Abstract]:On the basis of history, reality and future time, this paper studies the enrollment policy of ethnic minority college entrance examination from the point of view of the problems existing in the reality of enrollment policy. This paper puts forward the idea of reforming and perfecting the enrollment policy of ethnic higher education under the background of "double-class". From the historical point of view, since 1950, the enrollment policy of the college entrance examination of ethnic minorities has experienced four stages: equal achievement, preferential admission stage, severe destruction, falling into a low stage, national preparatory course, remarkable achievement stage, scientific classification, Perfect the policy stage. With the continuous change of the policy environment, at present, the enrollment policy of the national minority college entrance examination in our country is facing many problems in practice, mainly in the following aspects: first, the quality of the students of minority nationality students is declining. The original school or major in which 500 points of undergraduate courses can be admitted may be lowered to 400 points on the basis of preferential policies. The students' learning ability is very different; second, the vast majority of ethnic minority candidates are restricted in their choice of schools and major. The imbalance between supply and demand is prominent; third, education itself has a certain periodicity, and the results cannot be expected. It is impossible to measure who should be taken care of only by the amount of educational resources held by ethnic minorities. That is to say, it is difficult to reflect the positive relationship between the early input and the later output of education; fourth, the policy outcome and the original intention of the policy are deviated from each other because the policy makers and the executors have different starting points for the benefit of the policy. In short, the limitations are becoming increasingly prominent, need to be adjusted and improved. Referring to the experience of the United States and Australia in the aspects of the objective value and policy characteristics of the enrollment policy, the enrollment policy of the national minority college entrance examination should be reformed from the macro, the meso and the micro levels. At the macro level, we should adjust the relationship between the relevant factors that affect the development direction of the policy reform, and strengthen the legitimacy and rationality of the policy; at the middle level, we should coordinate the relations among the relevant subjects, and maintain the policy formulation and implementation. The consistency of supervision enables policy subjects to perform their respective responsibilities; at the micro level, by rationally formulating bonus points and reducing score policies, emphasis is placed on the leading role of "precision care" in education equity, so as to reduce unnecessary bonus points. To help ethnic minority students to get equal access to school, so that the national college entrance examination enrollment policy in the process of education reform play a greater role.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G759.2

【相似文献】