三代同堂家庭祖辈和父辈共同养育研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 23:08

本文选题：共同养育 + 三代同堂　；参考：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：共同养育(co-parenting)是近二三十年来国外家庭理论研究的新进展。本研究旨在探讨当代城市三代同堂家庭中,祖辈和父辈共同养育的现状、互动模式及其影响。理论层面上,一方面呼应了共同养育研究朝向多样性家庭发展的趋势,另一方面则是强调本土的视角和意义。实践层面上,目前我国城市三代同堂的家庭结构依然大量存在,对祖辈和父辈共同养育进行探究,有助于厘清三代同堂家庭的教养面貌。本研究运用质性研究方法,共访谈和观察了湖北省S市9个家有小学儿童的三代同堂家庭,受访对象包括祖辈、父辈和孙辈三代。在对所收集到丰富的一手资料进行分析归纳的基础上,得出以下结论:第一,三代同堂的家庭结构在城市里依然占有很大的比重,代际居住安排具有多元和流动的特征。形成三代同堂的原因,主要来自于父辈的现实需求、传统文化的影响及社会育儿和养老制度的限制三个方面。第二,在小学阶段,祖辈主要承担生理性抚育的职责,父辈以母亲为主、父亲为辅的模式担负社会性抚育的职责。教养分工遵循两个基本原则:一是保证家庭的正常运转,二是最有利于孩子的发展。传统性别角色规范在教养分工中依然发挥重要作用。母亲对父亲参与教养分工的评价,由母亲的教养观念和父亲的客观条件共同决定。第三,父母之间的共同养育行为,相互支持的较多、冲突较少。并且母亲对父亲更多是主动支持,包括"补充指导"和"维护对方权威"两种方式,父亲对母亲主要是被动支持,包括"执行要求"和"听从劝说"两种方式。祖辈和父辈的共同养育行为,支持与冲突共存,从教养理念上的认同和不认同,教养行为上的干预和不干预两个维度划分,共有"认同干预"(外在冲突)、"不认同干预"(内在冲突)、"认同不干预"(内在支持)和"不认同不干预"(表面支持)四种互动模式。其中,"不干预"与家庭权力、祖辈的个性、孩子的发展等因素有关,而"干预"所产生的冲突,会经历"是否沟通"和"是否达成共识"两个阶段,形成新的平衡。父辈与祖父母同住还是与外祖父母同住,在沟通方式上存在差异。第四,祖辈和父辈的共同养育在一定程度上会削弱父亲的教养参与,但在儿童发展的层面上,一方面有利于孩子孝敬老人,另一方面会削弱孩子的独立性,并且祖辈和父辈之间的教养冲突对孩子也有不利影响。
[Abstract]:Co-parenting is a new development of family theory research abroad in the last 20 to 30 years. The purpose of this study is to explore the status quo, interaction model and its influence of ancestor and paternity in three generations of families in contemporary cities. Theoretically, on the one hand, it echoes the trend of common parenting research towards diverse families, on the other hand, it emphasizes the local perspective and significance. In practice, at present, the family structure of the three generations in the cities of our country still exists in large quantities. It is helpful to clarify the upbringing appearance of the three generations of the same family by probing into the common upbringing of the ancestors and the parents. Using qualitative research methods, this study interviewed and observed three generations of children in nine primary schools in S City, Hubei Province. The subjects included three generations of grandparents, fathers and grandchildren. Based on the analysis and induction of the abundant primary data collected, the following conclusions are drawn: first, the family structure of the three generations living together still occupies a large proportion in the city, and the intergenerational living arrangement has the characteristics of pluralism and mobility. The reasons for the formation of the three generations are mainly from the realistic needs of their parents, the influence of traditional culture and the restriction of social child-rearing and old-age system. Second, in the primary school stage, the ancestors mainly bear the responsibility of physiological upbringing, the parents mainly take the mother as the main model, and the father as the auxiliary model bears the responsibility of social upbringing. The division of labor follows two basic principles: one is to ensure the normal operation of the family, the other is most conducive to the development of children. Traditional gender role norms still play an important role in the division of labor. The mother's evaluation of father's participation in the division of labor is determined by the mother's concept of upbringing and the father's objective conditions. Third, the common parenting behavior between parents, support each other more, conflict is less. And the mother is more active support to the father, including "supplementary guidance" and "maintain the authority of the other side" two ways, the father is mainly passive support to the mother, including "execution requirements" and "obeying persuasion" two ways. The common nurturing behavior of ancestors and parents, support and conflict co-exist, from the two dimensions of identity and disapproval of upbringing concept, intervention and non-intervention in upbringing behavior. There are four interactive modes of "identity intervention" (external conflict), "non-identity intervention" (internal conflict), "identity non-intervention" (internal support) and "non-identity non-intervention" (superficial support). Among them, "non-intervention" is related to family power, the personality of ancestors, the development of children and so on, while the conflict caused by "intervention" will go through the two stages of "whether to communicate" and "whether to reach a consensus", thus forming a new balance. There are differences in communication between parents and grandparents. Fourth, the joint upbringing of fathers and fathers will to a certain extent weaken the participation of fathers in upbringing, but at the level of child development, on the one hand, it is good for children to show filial respect to the elderly, on the other hand, it will weaken the independence of children. And the parenting conflict between the ancestors and the parents also has a negative impact on the children.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G78

【参考文献】