中度智力障碍儿童因果推理训练研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 06:07

本文选题：中度智力障碍儿童 + 因果关系　；参考：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：因果推理能力是个体整体认知能力的一个重要组成部分。因果推理训练对儿童推理能力的发展有重要的促进作用。个体进行因果推理的关键认知过程一般是,首先要同时注意到因和果两个方面,其次要觉察到两者的因果关系联结,然后推导出两者的因果关系模型,最后验证因果关系的合理性。智力障碍儿童的整体认知能力发展不足,尤其是推理能力发展严重滞后,因此对智障儿童开展因果推理训练显得尤为重要。但是,国内外关于因果推理的研究大部分是针对普通儿童的,针对中度智力障碍儿童的因果推理训练研究成果较少。本研究的思路是在相关文献综述研究的基础上,编制适合于中度智力障碍儿童因果推理训练材料以及因果推理能力考察表,通过实施个别训练过程,验证中度智障儿童因果推理训练的有效性。据此,本研究采用了单一被试实验中的ABA型设计,对两名中度智障儿童进行因果推理训练,两名被试的训练效果可以相互印证。研究者对甲生和乙生两名中度智障儿童分别进行了 20次因果推理训练,在基线期、处理期和维持期三个阶段对两名被试各进行了共计18次因果推理能力的考察,并运用视觉分析和C统计方法对甲生和乙生的数据进行统计分析。研究结果表明:(1)甲生和乙生在接受因果推理的训练过程中,因果推理能力考察总得分呈现出明显提升的变化趋势;(2)甲生和乙生的正向因果推理和逆向因果推理能力的考察得分也都呈现出明显提升的变化趋势;(3)甲生和乙生在处理期前半阶段的正向因果推理能力考察得分的提升趋势更为显著。根据上述研究结果和两名被试在训练过程中的实际表现,本研究认为因果推理训练能有效提升中度智障儿童的因果推理能力;因果推理训练材料应当紧密贴合中度智障儿童的日常生活,这样更有利于儿童将训练过程中获得的因果推理技能运用到日常生活学习中,以更好地适应新环境。
[Abstract]:Causal reasoning is an important part of the individual's overall cognitive ability. Causal reasoning training plays an important role in promoting the development of children's reasoning ability. The key cognitive process of causal reasoning is generally, at the same time, the two aspects of cause and effect should be noticed at the same time. The causal relationship model is deduced and the rationality of causality is verified at the end. The development of the overall cognitive ability of children with mental retardation is insufficient, especially the development of reasoning ability is lagging behind. Therefore, it is particularly important to carry out causal reasoning training for mentally retarded children. However, most of the Research on causal reasoning is aimed at common people at home and abroad. The research results of causal reasoning training for children with moderate mental retardation are less. The idea of this study is to compile a causal reasoning training material suitable for moderate mental retardation and causality reasoning ability on the basis of relevant literature review, and to verify the cause and effect of moderate mentally retarded children by applying individual training process. The effectiveness of reasoning training. According to this, this study adopted the ABA type design in a single trial experiment. Two children with moderate mental retardation were trained in causality reasoning. The training effect of two subjects could be confirmed by each other. The researchers conducted 20 causality reasoning training for two moderate mentally retarded children, at the baseline and in the treatment period. A total of 18 causality reasoning abilities were examined in two subjects at three stages and the data were analyzed by visual analysis and C statistics. The results showed that: (1) the total score of causality reasoning ability was obvious in the training process of causality reasoning. The change trend of the promotion; (2) both the positive causal reasoning and the adverse causal reasoning ability of the first and second students also showed a significant trend of improvement; (3) the improvement trend of the positive causal reasoning ability of the first and second half of the first half of the processing period was more significant. According to the results of the above study and two subjects, The actual performance of the training process is that causal reasoning training can effectively improve the causal reasoning ability of moderate mentally retarded children; causality reasoning training materials should closely fit the daily life of moderate mentally retarded children, which is more conducive to children's application of fruit reasoning skills acquired in the training process to daily life learning. Better adapt to the new environment.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G764

【参考文献】